The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | πάντα | All | παντα | | | haec | hæc | All | ܗܠܝܢ | All | Πάντα | All | ||||||
| — | δὲ | then | δε | | | autem | autem | then | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | then | ||||||
| — | ταῦτα | these are | ταυτα | | | omnia | omnia | these are | ܟܠܗܝܢ | these are | ταῦτα | these are | ||||||
| — | ἀρχὴ | the beginning | αρχη | | | initia | initia | the beginning | ܪܫܐ | the beginning | ἀρχὴ | the beginning | ||||||
| — | ὠδίνων.¶ | of birth pains. | — | | | dolorum | sunt | of birth pains. | ܐܢܝܢ | of birth pains. | ὠδίνων | of birth pains. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 24:12 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||