The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | Τότε | Then | τοτε | | | tunc | Tunc | Then | ܗܝܕܝܢ | Then | Τότε | Then | ||||||
| — | ὁ | <the> | — | | | ihs | — | — | — | — | ὁ | <the> | ||||||
| — | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | — | | | locutus | locutus | Jesus | ܝܫܘܥ | Jesus | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | ||||||
| — | ἐλάλησεν | spoke | ελαλησεν | | | est | est | spoke | ܡܠܠ | spoke | ἐλάλησεν | spoke | ||||||
| — | τοῖς | to the | τοις | | | suis | — | — | — | — | τοῖς | to the | ||||||
| — | ὄχλοις | crowds | οχλοις | | | turbis | turbas | crowds | ܥܡ | crowds | ὄχλοις | crowds | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܟܢܫܐ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | τοῖς | to the | τοις | | | — | — | — | — | — | τοῖς | to the | ||||||
| — | μαθηταῖς | disciples | μαθηταις | | | discipulis | discipulos | disciples | ܘܥܡ | disciples | μαθηταῖς | disciples | ||||||
| — | αὐτοῦ | of Him | αυτου | | | — | suos | of Him | ܬܠܡܝܕܘܗܝ | of Him | αὐτοῦ | of Him | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 23:30 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||