The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | Οὐαὶ | Woe | ουαι | | | uae | Væ | Woe | ܘܝ | Woe | Οὐαὶ | Woe | ||||||
| — | ὑμῖν, | to you, | ϋμειν | | | uobis | vobis | to you, | ܠܟܘܢ | to you, | ὑμῖν | to you, | ||||||
| — | γραμματεῖς | scribes | γραμματεις | | | scribae | scribæ | scribes | ܤܦܪܐ | scribes | γραμματεῖς | scribes | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܘܦܪܝܫܐ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | Φαρισαῖοι | Pharisees | φαρισαιοι | | | pharisaei | pharisæi | Pharisees | ܢܤܒܝ | Pharisees | Φαρισαῖοι | Pharisees | ||||||
| — | ὑποκριταί, | hypocrites! | ϋποκριται | | | hypocritae | hypocritæ | hypocrites! | ܒܐܦܐ | hypocrites! | ὑποκριταί | hypocrites! | ||||||
| — | ὅτι | For | οτι | | | quia | quia | For | ܕܡܬܟܪܟܝܢ | For | ὅτι | For | ||||||
| — | περιάγετε | you traverse | περιαγετε | | | circumitis | circuitis | you traverse | ܐܢܬܘܢ | you traverse | περιάγετε | you traverse | ||||||
| — | τὴν | the | την | | | mare | — | — | — | — | τὴν | the | ||||||
| — | θάλασσαν | sea | θαλασσαν | | | et | et | sea | ܝܡܐ | sea | θάλασσαν | sea | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | haridam | aridam | and | ܘܝܒܫܐ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | τὴν | the | την | | | ut | — | — | — | — | τὴν | the | ||||||
| — | ξηρὰν | dry land | ξηραν | | | faciatis | faciatis | dry land | ܕܬܥܒܕܘܢ | dry land | ξηρὰν | dry land | ||||||
| — | ποιῆσαι | to make | — | | | unum | unum | to make | — | — | ποιῆσαι | to make | ||||||
| — | ἕνα | one | ενα | | | proselytum | proselytum | one | ܚܕ | one | ἕνα | one | ||||||
| — | προσήλυτον, | convert, | προσηλυτον | | | et | et | convert, | ܓܝܘܪܐ | convert, | προσήλυτον | convert, | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | cum | cum | and | ܘܡܐ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | ὅταν | when | οταν | | | fuerit | fuerit | when | ܕܗܘܐ | when | ὅταν | when | ||||||
| — | γένηται, | he may become so, | γενηται | | | factus | factus | he may become so, | ܥܒܕܝܢ | he may become so, | γένηται | he may become so, | ||||||
| — | ποιεῖτε | you make | ποιειτε | | | facitis | facitis | you make | ܐܢܬܘܢ | you make | ποιεῖτε | you make | ||||||
| — | αὐτὸν | him | αυτον | | | eum | eum | him | ܠܗ | him | αὐτὸν | him | ||||||
| — | υἱὸν | a son | ϋιον | | | filium | filium | a son | ܒܪܗ | a son | υἱὸν | a son | ||||||
| — | γεέννης | of hell | γεεννης | | | gehennae | gehennæ | of hell | ܕܓܗܢܐ | of hell | γεέννης | of hell | ||||||
| — | διπλότερον | twofold more | διπλοτερον | | | duplum | duplo | twofold more | ܐܥܦܐ | twofold more | διπλότερον | twofold more | ||||||
| — | ὑμῶν.¶ | than yourselves. | ϋμων | | | quam | quam | than yourselves. | ܥܠܝܟܘܢ | than yourselves. | ὑμῶν | than yourselves. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 23:30 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||