The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | Οἱ | <the> | οι | | | quia | — | — | — | — | Οἱ | <the> | ||||||
| — | δὲ | And | δε | | | pharisaei | Pharisæi | And | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | And | ||||||
| — | Φαρισαῖοι | the Pharisees | φαρεισαιοι | | | autem | autem | the Pharisees | ܕܝܢ | the Pharisees | Φαρισαῖοι | the Pharisees | ||||||
| — | ἀκούσαντες | having heard | ακουσαντες | | | audientes | audientes | having heard | ܟܕ | having heard | ἀκούσαντες | having heard | ||||||
| — | ὅτι | that | οτι | | | — | quod | that | ܫܡܥܘ | that | ὅτι | that | ||||||
| — | ἐφίμωσεν | He had silenced | εφειμωσεν | | | ommutuit | silentium | He had silenced | — | — | ἐφίμωσεν | He had silenced | ||||||
| — | τοὺς | the | τους | | | sunt | — | — | — | — | τοὺς | the | ||||||
| — | Σαδδουκαίους | Sadducees | σαδδουκαιους | | | — | imposuisset | Sadducees | ܕܫܬܩ | Sadducees | Σαδδουκαίους | Sadducees | ||||||
| — | συνήχθησαν | were gathered | συνηχθησαν | | | sadducaeos | sadducæis | were gathered | ܠܙܕܘܩܝܐ | were gathered | συνήχθησαν | were gathered | ||||||
| — | ἐπὶ | together | — | | | congregati | convenerunt | together | ܐܬܟܢܫܘ | together | ἐπὶ | together | ||||||
| — | τὸ | the | — | | | ad | — | — | — | — | τὸ | the | ||||||
| — | αὐτό. | same. | αυτον | | | eum | in | same. | ܐܟܚܕܐ | same. | αὐτό | same. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 23:30 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||