The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | εἰπὲ | do tell | — | | | bidetur | dic | do tell | ܐܡܪ | do tell | Εἰπὲ | do tell | ||||||
| — | οὖν | therefore | — | | | — | ergo | therefore | ܠܢ | therefore | οὖν | therefore | ||||||
| — | ἡμῖν, | us | — | | | — | nobis | us | ܗܟܝܠ | us | ἡμῖν | us | ||||||
| — | τί | what | τι | | | quid | quid | what | ܐܝܟܢܐ | what | τί | what | ||||||
| — | σοι | You | σοι | | | tibi | tibi | You | ܡܬܚܙܐ | You | σοι | You | ||||||
| — | δοκεῖ; | think? | δοκει | | | caesari | videtur | think? | ܠܟ | think? | δοκεῖ | think? | ||||||
| — | ἔξεστιν | Is it lawful | εξεστιν | | | licet | licet | Is it lawful | ܫܠܝܛ | Is it lawful | Ἔξεστιν | Is it lawful | ||||||
| — | δοῦναι | to give | δουναι | | | censum | censum | to give | ܠܡܬܠ | to give | δοῦναι | to give | ||||||
| — | κῆνσον | tribute | κηνσον | | | dare | dare | tribute | ܟܤܦ | tribute | κῆνσον | tribute | ||||||
| — | Καίσαρι | to Caesar | καισαρι | | | — | Cæsari | to Caesar | ܪܫܐ | to Caesar | Καίσαρι | to Caesar | ||||||
| — | ἢ | or | η | | | aut | — | — | — | — | ἢ | or | ||||||
| — | οὔ;¶ | not? | ου | | | non | non | not? | ܐܘ | not? | οὔ | not? | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 23:30 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||