The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | λέγουσιν | They say | λεγουσιν | | | dicunt | Aiunt | They say | ܐܡܪܝܢ | They say | Λέγουσιν | They say | ||||||
| — | αὐτῷ· | to him; | αυτω | | | — | illi | to him; | ܠܗ | to him; | αὐτῷ | to him; | ||||||
| — | κακοὺς | The wretches | κακους | | | malos | Malos | The wretches | ܕܒܝܫ | The wretches | Κακοὺς | The wretches | ||||||
| — | κακῶς | grievously | κακως | | | male | male | grievously | — | — | κακῶς | grievously | ||||||
| — | ἀπολέσει | He will destroy | απολεσει | | | perdet | perdet | He will destroy | ܒܝܫ | He will destroy | ἀπολέσει | He will destroy | ||||||
| — | αὐτοὺς | them | — | | | et | et | them | ܢܘܒܕ | them | αὐτούς | them | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | uineam | vineam | and | ܐܢܘܢ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | τὸν | the | τον | | | eos | — | — | — | — | τὸν | the | ||||||
| — | ἀμπελῶνα | vineyard | αμπελωνα | | | — | suam | vineyard | ܘܟܪܡܐ | vineyard | ἀμπελῶνα | vineyard | ||||||
| — | ἐκδώσεται | he will rent out | εκδωσεται | | | — | — | — | — | — | ἐκδώσεται | he will rent out | ||||||
| — | ἄλλοις | to other | αλλοις | | | locauit | locabit | to other | ܢܘܚܕ | to other | ἄλλοις | to other | ||||||
| — | γεωργοῖς | farmers | γεωργοις | | | aliis | aliis | farmers | ܠܐܚܪܢܐ | farmers | γεωργοῖς | farmers | ||||||
| — | οἵτινες | who | οιτινες | | | colonis | agricolis | who | ܦܠܚܐ | who | οἵτινες | who | ||||||
| — | ἀποδώσουσιν | will give | αποδωσουσιν | | | qui | qui | will give | ܐܝܠܝܢ | will give | ἀποδώσουσιν | will give | ||||||
| — | αὐτῷ | to him | αυτω | | | reddent | reddant | to him | ܕܝܗܒܝܢ | to him | αὐτῷ | to him | ||||||
| — | τοὺς | the | τους | | | — | — | — | — | — | τοὺς | the | ||||||
| — | καρποὺς | fruits | καρπους | | | ei | ei | fruits | — | — | καρποὺς | fruits | ||||||
| — | ἐν | in | εν | | | fructus | fructum | in | ܠܗ | in | ἐν | in | ||||||
| — | τοῖς | the | τοις | | | ei | — | — | — | — | τοῖς | the | ||||||
| — | καιροῖς | seasons | καιροις | | | temporibus | temporibus | seasons | ܦܐܪܐ | seasons | καιροῖς | seasons | ||||||
| — | αὐτῶν.¶ | of them. | αυτων | | | suis | suis | of them. | ܒܙܒܢܗܘܢ | of them. | αὐτῶν | of them. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 21:43 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||