The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | πάλιν | 5 Again | — | | | qui | Illi | 5 Again | ܗܢܘܢ | 5 Again | Οἱ | 5 Again | ||||||
| — | δὲ | then | δε | | | autem | autem | then | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | then | ||||||
| — | ἐξελθὼν | having gone out | εξελθων | | | abierunt | abierunt | having gone out | ܐܙܠܘ | having gone out | ἀπῆλθον | having gone out | ||||||
| — | περὶ | about the | περι | | | iterum | Iterum | about the | ܘܢܦܩ | about the | Πάλιν | about the | ||||||
| — | ἕκτην | sixth | — | | | autem | autem | sixth | ܬܘܒ | sixth | ἐξελθὼν | sixth | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | — | | | exiens | exiit | and | ܒܫܬ | and | περὶ | and | ||||||
| — | ἐνάτην | ninth | — | | | circa | circa | ninth | ܘܒܬܫܥ | ninth | ἕκτην | ninth | ||||||
| — | ὥραν | hour | ωραν | | | sextam | sextam | hour | ܫܥܝܢ | hour | καὶ | hour | ||||||
| — | ἐποίησεν | he did | εποιησεν | | | et | et | he did | ܘܥܒܕ | he did | ἐνάτην | he did | ||||||
| — | ὡσαύτως. | likewise. | ωσαυτως | | | nonam | nonam | likewise. | ܗܟܘܬ | likewise. | ὥραν | likewise. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 20:23 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||