The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | Καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܥܬܝܕ | And | Καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | μέλλων | soon to be | — | | | suscepit | — | — | ܗܘܐ | soon to be | ἀναβαίνων | soon to be | ||||||
| — | δὲ | now | — | | | ascendens | ascendens | now | ܕܝܢ | but | ὁ | now | ||||||
| — | ἀναβαίνων | going up | αναβαινων | | | ihs | Jesus | going up | — | — | Ἰησοῦς | going up | ||||||
| — | ὁ | <the> | ο | | | — | — | — | — | — | εἰς | <the> | ||||||
| — | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | — | | | — | — | — | ܝܫܘܥ | Jesus | Ἱεροσόλυμα | Jesus | ||||||
| — | εἰς | to | εις | | | hierosolyma | Jerosolymam | to | ܕܢܤܩ | to | παρέλαβεν | to | ||||||
| — | Ἱεροσόλυμα | Jerusalem | ϊεροσολυμα | | | seorsum | assumpsit | Jerusalem | ܠܐܘܪܫܠܡ | Jerusalem | τοὺς | Jerusalem | ||||||
| — | παρέλαβεν | He took | παρελαβεν | | | — | — | — | ܘܕܒܪ | He took | δώδεκα | He took | ||||||
| — | τοὺς | the | τους | | | in | — | — | — | — | μαθητὰς | the | ||||||
| — | δώδεκα | twelve | — | | | duodecim | duodecim | twelve | — | — | κατ’ | twelve | ||||||
| — | μαθητὰς | disciples | — | | | — | — | — | ܠܬܪܥܤܪ | disciples | ἰδίαν | disciples | ||||||
| — | κατ᾽ | aside | κατ | | | — | discipulos | aside | ܬܠܡܝܕܘܗܝ | aside | ἐν | aside | ||||||
| — | ἰδίαν | on their own | ϊδιαν | | | uia | secreto | on their own | ܒܝܢܘܗܝ | on their own | τῇ | on their own | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | — | | | — | — | — | ܘܠܗܘܢ | and | ὁδῷ | and | ||||||
| — | ἐν | on | εν | | | et | et | on | — | — | καὶ | on | ||||||
| — | τῇ | the | τη | | | dixit | — | — | — | — | εἶπεν | the | ||||||
| — | ὁδῷ | way | οδω | | | — | ait | way | ܒܐܘܪܚܐ | way | αὐτοῖς | way | ||||||
| — | εἶπεν | He said | ειπεν | | | — | — | — | ܘܐܡܪ | He said | εἶπεν | He said | ||||||
| — | αὐτοῖς· | to them; | αυτοις | | | eis | illis | to them; | ܠܗܘܢ | to them; | αὐτοῖς· | to them; | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 20:23 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||