The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | εἰ | If | ει | | | si | Si | If | ܐܢ | If | Εἰ | If | ||||||
| — | δὲ | now | δε | | | autem | autem | now | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | now | ||||||
| — | ἡ | the | η | | | aut | — | — | — | — | ἡ | the | ||||||
| — | χείρ | hand | χειρ | | | manus | manus | hand | ܐܝܕܟ | hand | χείρ | hand | ||||||
| — | σου | of you | σου | | | tua | tua | of you | ܐܘ | of you | σου | of you | ||||||
| — | ἢ | or | η | | | — | — | — | — | — | ἢ | or | ||||||
| — | ὁ | the | ο | | | clodum | — | — | — | — | ὁ | the | ||||||
| — | πούς | foot | πους | | | pes | pes | foot | ܡܟܫܠܐ | foot | πούς | foot | ||||||
| — | σου | of you | σου | | | tuus | tuus | of you | ܠܟ | of you | σου | of you | ||||||
| — | σκανδαλίζει | causes to sin | σκανδαλιζει | | | scandalizat | scandalizat | causes to sin | ܦܤܘܩܝܗ | causes to sin | σκανδαλίζει | causes to sin | ||||||
| — | σε, | you, | σε | | | te | te | you, | — | — | σε | you, | ||||||
| — | ἔκκοψον | do cut off | εκκοψον | | | abscide | abscide | do cut off | ܘܫܕܝܗ | do cut off | ἔκκοψον | do cut off | ||||||
| — | αὐτὸν | it | αυτον | | | eum | eum | it | ܡܢܟ | it | αὐτὰ | it | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܛܒ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | βάλε | do cast it | βαλε | | | aut | projice | do cast it | ܗܘ | do cast it | βάλε | do cast it | ||||||
| — | ἀπὸ | from | απο | | | abs | abs | from | ܠܟ | from | ἀπὸ | from | ||||||
| — | σοῦ· | you; | σου | | | te | te | you; | ܕܬܥܘܠ | you; | σοῦ | you; | ||||||
| — | καλόν | better | καλον | | | bonum | bonum | better | ܠܚܝܐ | better | καλόν | better | ||||||
| — | σοί | for you | σοι | | | tibi | tibi | for you | ܟܕ | for you | σοι | for you | ||||||
| — | ἐστιν | it is | εστιν | | | est | est | it is | ܚܓܝܤ | it is | ἐστὶν | it is | ||||||
| — | εἰσελθεῖν | to enter | εισελθειν | | | — | ad | to enter | ܐܢܬ | to enter | εἰσελθεῖν | to enter | ||||||
| — | εἰς | into | εις | | | uitam | vitam | into | ܐܘ | into | εἰς | into | ||||||
| — | τὴν | <the> | την | | | sideratum | — | — | — | — | τὴν | <the> | ||||||
| — | ζωὴν | life | ζωην | | | in | ingredi | life | ܟܕ | life | ζωὴν | life | ||||||
| — | κυλλὸν | crippled | — | | | — | debilem | crippled | ܦܫܝܓ | crippled | χωλὸν | crippled | ||||||
| — | ἢ | or | — | | | aut | — | — | — | — | ἢ | or | ||||||
| — | χωλὸν | lame | χωλον | | | — | claudum | lame | ܟܕ | lame | κυλλόν | lame | ||||||
| — | ἢ | than | η | | | quam | — | — | — | — | ἢ | than | ||||||
| — | δύο | two | — | | | duas | duas | two | — | — | δύο | two | ||||||
| — | χεῖρας | hands | — | | | manus | manus | hands | ܠܟ | hands | χεῖρας | hands | ||||||
| — | ἢ | or | η | | | mitti | — | — | — | — | ἢ | or | ||||||
| — | δύο | two | δυο | | | duo | duos | two | ܐܝܕܝܢ | two | δύο | two | ||||||
| — | πόδας | feet | ποδας | | | pedes | pedes | feet | ܐܘ | feet | πόδας | feet | ||||||
| — | ἔχοντα | having | εχοντα | | | habentem | habentem | having | ܬܪܬܝܢ | having | ἔχοντα | having | ||||||
| — | βληθῆναι | to be cast | βληθηναι | | | mitte | mitti | to be cast | ܪܓܠܝܢ | to be cast | βληθῆναι | to be cast | ||||||
| — | εἰς | into | εις | | | introire | in | into | ܬܦܠ | into | εἰς | into | ||||||
| — | τὸ | the | το | | | in | — | — | — | — | τὸ | the | ||||||
| — | πῦρ | fire | πυρ | | | ignem | ignem | fire | ܒܢܘܪܐ | fire | πῦρ | fire | ||||||
| — | τὸ | <the> | το | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὸ | <the> | ||||||
| — | αἰώνιον. | eternal. | αιωνιον | | | aeternum | æternum | eternal. | ܕܠܥܠܡ | eternal. | αἰώνιον | eternal. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 18:15 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||