The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
λεγωP75 | I say | λέγω | I say | λεγω | | | dico | Dico | I say | ܐܡܪ | I say | Λέγω | I say | |||||
υμινP75 | to you | ὑμῖν | to you | ϋμειν | | | uobis | vobis | to you | ܐܢܐ | to you | ὑμῖν | to you | |||||
οτιP75 | that | ὅτι | that | — | | | eorum | quia | that | ܠܟܘܢ | that | ὅτι | that | |||||
ποιησειP75 | He will carry out | ποιήσει | He will carry out | ποιησει | | | — | cito | He will carry out | ܕܢܥܒܕ | He will carry out | ποιήσει | He will carry out | |||||
τηνP75 | the | τὴν | the | την | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὴν | the | |||||
εκδικησινP75 | avenging | ἐκδίκησιν | avenging | εκδικησιν | | | faciet | faciet | avenging | — | — | ἐκδίκησιν | avenging | |||||
αυτωνP75 | of them | αὐτῶν | of them | αυτων | | | uindictam | vindictam | of them | ܬܒܥܬܗܘܢ | of them | αὐτῶν | of them | |||||
ενP75 | with | ἐν | with | εν | | | — | illorum | with | ܒܥܓܠ | with | ἐν | with | |||||
ταχειP75 | speed. | τάχει. | speed. | ταχει | | | uerum | Verumtamen | speed. | ܒܪܡ | speed. | τάχει | speed. | |||||
πληνP75 | Nevertheless | πλὴν | Nevertheless | πλην | | | — | — | — | ܢܐܬܐ | Nevertheless | Πλὴν | Nevertheless | |||||
οP75 | the | ὁ | the | — | | | confestim | — | — | — | — | ὁ | the | |||||
υιοσP75 | Son | υἱὸς | Son | — | | | filius | Filius | Son | ܒܪܗ | Son | υἱὸς | Son | |||||
τουP75 | <the> | τοῦ | <the> | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | <the> | |||||
ανθρωπουP75 | of Man | ἀνθρώπου | of Man | — | | | hominis | hominis | of Man | ܕܐܢܫܐ | of Man | ἀνθρώπου | of Man | |||||
ελθωνP75 | having come | ἐλθὼν | having come | — | | | ueniens | veniens | having come | ܘܢܫܟܚ | having come | ἐλθὼν | having come | |||||
αραP75 | surely not | ἆρα | surely not | αρα | | | putat | putas | surely not | — | — | ἆρα | surely not | |||||
ευρησειP75 | will He find | εὑρήσει | will He find | ευρησει | | | inueniet | inveniet | will He find | ܟܝ | will He find | εὑρήσει | will He find | |||||
τηνP75 | <the> | τὴν | <the> | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὴν | <the> | |||||
πιστινP75 | faith | πίστιν | faith | πιστιν | | | fidem | fidem | faith | ܗܝܡܢܘܬܐ | faith | πίστιν | faith | |||||
επιP75 | on | ἐπὶ | on | επι | | | — | in | on | ܥܠ | on | ἐπὶ | on | |||||
τησP75 | the | τῆς | the | της | | | super | — | — | — | — | τῆς | the | |||||
γησP75 | earth? | γῆς;¶ | earth? | γης | | | terram | terra | earth? | ܐܪܥܐ | earth? | γῆς | earth? | |||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||