Urevangelium

Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.

Translation Lineage

Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.

Greek Papyri			Alexandrian		Western			Latin		Syriac		Byzantine
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT			Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT		Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin			Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker		Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith		Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT
		—	Οὐαὶ	Woe	ουαι	\|	uae	Væ	Woe	ܘܝ	Woe	Οὐαὶ	Woe
		—	τῷ	to the	τω	\|	uenire	—	—	—	—	τῷ	to the
		—	κόσμῳ	world	κοσμω	\|	mundo	mundo	world	ܠܥܠܡܐ	world	κόσμῳ	world
		—	ἀπὸ	because of	απο	\|	a	a	because of	ܡܢ	because of	ἀπὸ	because of
		—	τῶν	the	των	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τῶν	the
		—	σκανδάλων·	causes of sin;	σκανδαλων	\|	scandalis	scandalis	causes of sin;	—	—	σκανδάλων	causes of sin;
		—	ἀνάγκη	Necessary are	αναγκη	\|	necesse	Necesse	Necessary are	ܡܟܫܘܠܐ	Necessary are	ἀνάγκη	Necessary are
		—	γὰρ	for	γαρ	\|	est	enim	indeed	ܓܝܪ	for	γάρ	for
		—	ἐστιν	is	εστιν	\|	enim	est	is	ܓܝܪ	is	ἐστιν	is
		—	ἐλθεῖν	to come	ελθειν	\|	—	ut veniant	that they come	ܕܢܐܬܘܢ	to come	ἐλθεῖν	to come
		—	τὰ	the	τα	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τὰ	the
		—	σκάνδαλα,	stumbling blocks,	σκανδαλα	\|	uenit	scandala	scandals	—	—	σκάνδαλα	stumbling blocks,
		—	πλὴν	but	πλην	\|	scandala	verumtamen	nevertheless	ܡܟܫܘܠܐ	but	πλὴν	but
		—	οὐαὶ	woe	ουαι	\|	uerumtamen	væ	woe	ܘܝ	woe	οὐαὶ	woe
		—	τῷ	to the	τω	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τῷ	to the
		—	ἀνθρώπῳ	man	ανθρωπω	\|	uae	homini	to the man	ܕܝܢ	man	ἀνθρώπῳ	man
		—	ἐκείνῳ	that one	—	\|	homini	illi	that	ܠܓܒܪܐ	that one	ἐκείνῳ	that one
		—	δι᾽	through	δι	\|	—	per	through	—	—	δι’	through
		—	οὗ	whom	ου	\|	per	quem	whom	ܕܒܐܝܕܗ	whom	οὗ	whom
		—	τὸ	the	το	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τὸ	the
		—	σκάνδαλον	offense	σκανδαλον	\|	quem	scandalum	the scandal	ܢܐܬܘܢ	offense	σκάνδαλον	offense
		—	ἔρχεται.	comes!	ερχεται	\|	scandalum	venit	comes	ܡܟܫܘܠܐ	comes!	ἔρχεται	comes!
	Next Fragment: Matt 18:15
	See 65 Earliest Papyri

Trace Your New Testament Back to the Gospel Sources

See how the Four Gospels in the Bible you read today connect to the Greek, Latin, Syriac, and Byzantine witnesses shown above.

Alexandrian	Western	Latin	Byzantine
	—	Οὐαὶ	Woe	ουαι	\|	uae	Væ	Woe	ܘܝ	Woe	Οὐαὶ	Woe
	—	τῷ	to the	τω	\|	uenire	—	—	—	—	τῷ	to the
	—	κόσμῳ	world	κοσμω	\|	mundo	mundo	world	ܠܥܠܡܐ	world	κόσμῳ	world
	—	ἀπὸ	because of	απο	\|	a	a	because of	ܡܢ	because of	ἀπὸ	because of
	—	τῶν	the	των	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τῶν	the
	—	σκανδάλων·	causes of sin;	σκανδαλων	\|	scandalis	scandalis	causes of sin;	—	—	σκανδάλων	causes of sin;
	—	ἀνάγκη	Necessary are	αναγκη	\|	necesse	Necesse	Necessary are	ܡܟܫܘܠܐ	Necessary are	ἀνάγκη	Necessary are
	—	γὰρ	for	γαρ	\|	est	enim	indeed	ܓܝܪ	for	γάρ	for
	—	ἐστιν	is	εστιν	\|	enim	est	is	ܓܝܪ	is	ἐστιν	is
	—	ἐλθεῖν	to come	ελθειν	\|	—	ut veniant	that they come	ܕܢܐܬܘܢ	to come	ἐλθεῖν	to come
	—	τὰ	the	τα	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τὰ	the
	—	σκάνδαλα,	stumbling blocks,	σκανδαλα	\|	uenit	scandala	scandals	—	—	σκάνδαλα	stumbling blocks,
	—	πλὴν	but	πλην	\|	scandala	verumtamen	nevertheless	ܡܟܫܘܠܐ	but	πλὴν	but
	—	οὐαὶ	woe	ουαι	\|	uerumtamen	væ	woe	ܘܝ	woe	οὐαὶ	woe
	—	τῷ	to the	τω	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τῷ	to the
	—	ἀνθρώπῳ	man	ανθρωπω	\|	uae	homini	to the man	ܕܝܢ	man	ἀνθρώπῳ	man
	—	ἐκείνῳ	that one	—	\|	homini	illi	that	ܠܓܒܪܐ	that one	ἐκείνῳ	that one
	—	δι᾽	through	δι	\|	—	per	through	—	—	δι’	through
	—	οὗ	whom	ου	\|	per	quem	whom	ܕܒܐܝܕܗ	whom	οὗ	whom
	—	τὸ	the	το	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τὸ	the
	—	σκάνδαλον	offense	σκανδαλον	\|	quem	scandalum	the scandal	ܢܐܬܘܢ	offense	σκάνδαλον	offense
	—	ἔρχεται.	comes!	ερχεται	\|	scandalum	venit	comes	ܡܟܫܘܠܐ	comes!	ἔρχεται	comes!
Next Fragment: Matt 18:15
See 65 Earliest Papyri

Greek Papyri

Alexandrian

Western

Latin

Syriac

Byzantine

Earliest Papyri

c. 125–250 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Vaticanus

c. 325 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Bezae

c. 400 CE · Greek

Latin

Vulgate

c. 400 CE · Latin

Whitaker

Peshitta

c. 400–450 CE · Syriac

PayneSmith

Byzantine

c. 5th–9th c. · Greek

TAGNT

—

Οὐαὶ

Woe

ουαι

uae

Væ

Woe

ܘܝ

Woe

Οὐαὶ

Woe

—

τῷ

to the

τω

uenire

—

τῷ

to the

—

κόσμῳ

world

κοσμω

mundo

world

ܠܥܠܡܐ

world

κόσμῳ

world

—

ἀπὸ

because of

απο

because of

ܡܢ

because of

ἀπὸ

because of

—

τῶν

the

των

—

τῶν

the

—

σκανδάλων·

causes of sin;

σκανδαλων

scandalis

causes of sin;

—

σκανδάλων

causes of sin;

—

ἀνάγκη

Necessary are

αναγκη

necesse

Necesse

Necessary are

ܡܟܫܘܠܐ

Necessary are

ἀνάγκη

Necessary are

—

γὰρ

for

γαρ

est

enim

indeed

ܓܝܪ

for

γάρ

for

—

ἐστιν

εστιν

enim

est

ܓܝܪ

ἐστιν

—

ἐλθεῖν

to come

ελθειν

—

ut veniant

that they come

ܕܢܐܬܘܢ

to come

ἐλθεῖν

to come

—

τὰ

the

τα

—

τὰ

the

—

σκάνδαλα,

stumbling blocks,

σκανδαλα

uenit

scandala

scandals

—

σκάνδαλα

stumbling blocks,

—

πλὴν

but

πλην

scandala

verumtamen

nevertheless

ܡܟܫܘܠܐ

but

πλὴν

but

—

οὐαὶ

woe

ουαι

uerumtamen

væ

woe

ܘܝ

woe

οὐαὶ

woe

—

τῷ

to the

τω

—

τῷ

to the

—

ἀνθρώπῳ

man

ανθρωπω

uae

homini

to the man

ܕܝܢ

man

ἀνθρώπῳ

man

—

ἐκείνῳ

that one

—

homini

illi

that

ܠܓܒܪܐ

that one

ἐκείνῳ

that one

—

δι᾽

through

δι

—

per

through

—

δι’

through

—

οὗ

whom

ου

per

quem

whom

ܕܒܐܝܕܗ

whom

οὗ

whom

—

τὸ

the

το

—

τὸ

the

—

σκάνδαλον

offense

σκανδαλον

quem

scandalum

the scandal

ܢܐܬܘܢ

offense

σκάνδαλον

offense

—

ἔρχεται.

comes!

ερχεται

scandalum

venit

comes

ܡܟܫܘܠܐ

comes!

ἔρχεται

comes!

Next Fragment: Matt 18:15

See 65 Earliest Papyri

Matthew 18:7

Translation Lineage

Urevangelium

Matthew 18:7

Translation Lineage