The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | λέγει· | He says; | λεγει | | | ait | Ait | said | ܐܡܪ | He says; | Λέγει | He says; | ||||||
| — | ναί. | Yes. | ναι | | | illi | Etiam | yes | ܠܗܘܢ | Yes. | Ναί | Yes. | ||||||
| — | καὶ | And | και | | | — | Et | and | ܐܝܢ | And | Καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | ὅτε | when | — | | | — | cum | when | ܘܟܕ | when | ὅτε | when | ||||||
| — | ἐλθόντα | he having entered | — | | | — | intrasset | he entered | ܥܠ | he having entered | εἰσῆλθεν | he having entered | ||||||
| — | εἰς | into | εις | | | — | — | — | ܟܐܦܐ | into | εἰς | into | ||||||
| — | τὴν | the | την | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὴν | the | ||||||
| — | οἰκίαν | house | οικειαν | | | — | domum | house | ܠܒܝܬܐ | house | οἰκίαν | house | ||||||
| — | προέφθασεν | anticipated | προεφθασεν | | | illi | praevenit | anticipated | ܩܕܡܗ | anticipated | προέφθασεν | anticipated | ||||||
| — | αὐτὸν | him | αυτον | | | — | eum | him | ܝܫܘܥ | him | αὐτὸν | him | ||||||
| — | ὁ | <the> | ο | | | — | — | — | — | — | ὁ | <the> | ||||||
| — | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | — | | | ihs | Jesus | Jesus | ܘܐܡܪ | Jesus | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | ||||||
| — | λέγων· | saying; | λεγων | | | dicit | dicens | saying | ܠܗ | saying; | λέγων | saying; | ||||||
| — | τί | What | τι | | | — | Quid | what | ܡܢܐ | What | Τί | What | ||||||
| — | σοι | you | σοι | | | — | tibi | to you | ܡܬܚܙܐ | you | σοι | you | ||||||
| — | δοκεῖ, | do think, | δοκει | | | — | videtur | seems | ܠܟ | do think, | δοκεῖ | do think, | ||||||
| — | Σίμων; | Simon? | σιμων | | | — | Simon | Simon | — | — | Σίμων | Simon? | ||||||
| — | οἱ | The | οι | | | ergo | — | — | — | — | Οἱ | The | ||||||
| — | βασιλεῖς | kings | βασιλεις | | | — | Reges | kings | ܫܡܥܘܢ | kings | βασιλεῖς | kings | ||||||
| — | τῆς | of the | της | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῆς | of the | ||||||
| — | γῆς | earth | γης | | | — | terrae | of the earth | ܡܠܟܝܗ | earth | γῆς | earth | ||||||
| — | ἀπὸ | from | απο | | | — | a | from | ܕܐܪܥܐ | from | ἀπὸ | from | ||||||
| — | τίνων | whom | τινων | | | — | quibus | whom | ܡܢ | whom | τίνων | whom | ||||||
| — | λαμβάνουσιν | do they receive | λαμβανουσιν | | | — | accipiunt | receive | ܡܢ | do they receive | λαμβάνουσιν | do they receive | ||||||
| — | τέλη | custom | τελη | | | liueri | tributum | tribute | ܢܤܒܝܢ | custom | τέλη | custom | ||||||
| — | ἢ | or | η | | | — | — | — | — | — | ἢ | or | ||||||
| — | κῆνσον; | tribute? | κηνσον | | | — | censum | census tax | ܘܟܤܦ | tribute? | κῆνσον | tribute? | ||||||
| — | ἀπὸ | From | απο | | | — | a | from | ܪܫܐ | From | Ἀπὸ | From | ||||||
| — | τῶν | the | των | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῶν | the | ||||||
| — | υἱῶν | sons | ϋιων | | | filii | filiis | sons | ܡܢ | sons | υἱῶν | sons | ||||||
| — | αὐτῶν | of them | αυτων | | | — | suis | their own | ܒܢܝܗܘܢ | of them | αὐτῶν | of them | ||||||
| — | ἢ | or | η | | | — | — | — | — | — | ἢ | or | ||||||
| — | ἀπὸ | from | απο | | | ab | ab | from | ܡܢ | from | ἀπὸ | from | ||||||
| — | τῶν | <the> | των | | | sunt | — | — | — | — | τῶν | <the> | ||||||
| — | ἀλλοτρίων; | strangers? | αλλοτριων | | | alienis | alienis | strangers | ܢܘܟܪܝܐ | strangers? | ἀλλοτρίων | strangers? | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 18:15 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||