The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | ὅθεν | whereupon | οθεν | | | unde | unde | whereupon | ܡܛܠ | whereupon | ὅθεν | whereupon | ||||||
| — | μεθ᾽ | with | μεθ | | | cum | cum | with | ܗܢܐ | with | μεθ’ | with | ||||||
| — | ὅρκου | oath | ορκου | | | ïureiurando | juramento | oath | ܒܡܘܡܬܐ | oath | ὅρκου | oath | ||||||
| — | ὡμολόγησεν | he promised | ωμολογησεν | | | — | pollicitus | he promised | ܝܡܐ | he promised | ὡμολόγησεν | he promised | ||||||
| — | αὐτῇ | to her | αυτη | | | promisit | est | to her | ܠܗ | to her | αὐτῇ | to her | ||||||
| — | δοῦναι | to give | δουναι | | | ei | ei | to give | ܕܢܬܠ | to give | δοῦναι | to give | ||||||
| — | ὃ | whatever | ο | | | dare | — | — | — | — | ὃ | whatever | ||||||
| — | ἐὰν | if | — | | | quodcumque | quodcumque | if | ܟܠܡܕܡ | if | ἐὰν | if | ||||||
| — | αἰτήσηται. | she shall ask. | αιτησηται | | | petierit | postulasset | she shall ask. | ܕܬܫܐܠ | she shall ask. | αἰτήσηται | she shall ask. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 17:1 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||