The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܦܩܕ | And | Καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | κελεύσας | having commanded | κελευσας | | | cum | cum | having commanded | ܠܟܢܫܐ | having commanded | κελεύσας | having commanded | ||||||
| — | τοὺς | the | — | | | turbis | — | — | — | — | τοὺς | the | ||||||
| — | ὄχλους | crowds | — | | | iussisset | jussisset | crowds | ܠܡܤܬܡܟܘ | crowds | ὄχλους | crowds | ||||||
| — | ἀνακλιθῆναι | to sit down | — | | | turbas | turbam | to sit down | — | — | ἀνακλιθῆναι | to sit down | ||||||
| — | ἐπὶ | on | — | | | discumbere | discumbere | on | ܥܠ | on | ἐπὶ | on | ||||||
| — | τοῦ | the | — | | | faenum | — | — | — | — | τοὺς | the | ||||||
| — | χόρτου, | grass, | — | | | super | super | grass, | ܐܪܥܐ | grass, | χόρτους | grass, | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | — | | | — | fœnum | and | ܘܫܩܠ | and | λαβὼν | and | ||||||
| — | λαβὼν | having taken | — | | | accepit | acceptis | having taken | ܗܢܘܢ | having taken | τοὺς | having taken | ||||||
| — | τοὺς | the | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | πέντε | the | ||||||
| — | πέντε | five | — | | | quinque | quinque | five | ܚܡܫܐ | five | ἄρτους | five | ||||||
| — | ἄρτους | loaves | — | | | panes | panibus | loaves | — | — | καὶ | loaves | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | — | | | et | et | and | ܠܚܡܝܢ | and | τοὺς | and | ||||||
| — | τοὺς | the | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | δύο | the | ||||||
| — | δύο | two | — | | | duos | duobus | two | ܘܬܪܝܢ | two | ἰχθύας | two | ||||||
| — | ἰχθύας, | fish, | — | | | pisces | piscibus | fish, | ܢܘܢܝܢ | fish, | ἀναβλέψας | fish, | ||||||
| — | ἀναβλέψας | having looked up | — | | | respiciens | aspiciens | having looked up | ܘܚܪ | having looked up | εἰς | having looked up | ||||||
| — | εἰς | to | — | | | in | in | to | ܒܫܡܝܐ | to | τὸν | to | ||||||
| — | τὸν | <the> | τον | | | — | — | — | — | — | οὐρανόν | <the> | ||||||
| — | οὐρανὸν | heaven | — | | | — | cælum | heaven | — | — | εὐλόγησεν | heaven | ||||||
| — | εὐλόγησεν, | He spoke a blessing, | — | | | benedixit | benedixit | He spoke a blessing, | ܘܒܪܟ | He spoke a blessing, | καὶ | He spoke a blessing, | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | — | | | et | et | and | ܘܩܨܐ | and | κλάσας | and | ||||||
| — | κλάσας | having broken | — | | | — | fregit | having broken | ܘܝܗܒ | having broken | ἔδωκεν | having broken | ||||||
| — | ἔδωκεν | He gave | — | | | caelum | et | He gave | ܠܬܠܡܝܕܘܗܝ | He gave | τοῖς | He gave | ||||||
| — | τοῖς | to the | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | μαθηταῖς | to the | ||||||
| — | μαθηταῖς | disciples | — | | | dedit | dedit | disciples | ܘܗܢܘܢ | disciples | τοὺς | disciples | ||||||
| — | τοὺς | the | τους | | | — | — | — | — | — | ἄρτους | the | ||||||
| — | ἄρτους, | loaves, | αρτους | | | discipulis | discipulis | loaves, | — | — | οἱ | loaves, | ||||||
| — | οἱ | <the> | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | δὲ | <the> | ||||||
| — | δὲ | and | — | | | panes | panes | and | ܕܝܢ | but | μαθηταὶ | and | ||||||
| — | μαθηταὶ | the disciples | — | | | discipuli | discipuli | the disciples | ܤܡܘ | the disciples | τοῖς | the disciples | ||||||
| — | τοῖς | to the | τοις | | | frangens | — | — | — | — | ὄχλοις | to the | ||||||
| — | ὄχλοις. | crowds. | οχλοις | | | autem | autem | crowds. | ܠܟܢܫܐ | crowds. | ὄχλοις. | crowds. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 17:1 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||