The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | Ὁ | <the> | ο | | | qui | — | — | — | — | Ὁ | <the> | ||||||
| — | δὲ | And | δε | | | — | Jesus | And | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | And | ||||||
| — | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | — | | | autem | autem | Jesus | ܕܝܢ | Jesus | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | ||||||
| — | εἶπεν | said | ειπεν | | | dixit | dixit | said | ܐܡܪ | said | εἶπεν | said | ||||||
| — | αὐτοῖς· | to them; | αυτοις | | | eis | eis | to them; | ܠܗܘܢ | to them; | αὐτοῖς | to them; | ||||||
| — | οὐ | No | ου | | | non | Non | No | ܠܐ | No | Οὐ | No | ||||||
| — | χρείαν | need | χρειαν | | | habent | habent | need | ܡܬܒܥܐ | need | χρείαν | need | ||||||
| — | ἔχουσιν | they have | εχουσιν | | | necesse | necesse | they have | ܠܗܘܢ | they have | ἔχουσιν | they have | ||||||
| — | ἀπελθεῖν· | to go away; | απελθειν | | | ire | ire | to go away; | ܠܡܐܙܠ | to go away; | ἀπελθεῖν | to go away; | ||||||
| — | δότε | do give | δοτε | | | date | date | do give | ܗܒܘ | do give | δότε | do give | ||||||
| — | αὐτοῖς | to them | — | | | eis | illis | to them | ܠܗܘܢ | to them | αὐτοῖς | to them | ||||||
| — | ὑμεῖς | you yourselves | ϋμεις | | | uos | vos | you yourselves | ܐܢܬܘܢ | you yourselves | ὑμεῖς | you yourselves | ||||||
| — | φαγεῖν. | to eat. | φαγειν | | | manducare | manducare | to eat. | ܠܡܐܟܠ | to eat. | φαγεῖν | to eat. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 17:1 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||