The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | Οὐαί | Woe | ουαι | | | uae | Væ | Woe | ܘܐܡܪ | Woe | Οὐαί | Woe | ||||||
| — | σοι | to you | σοι | | | tibi | tibi | to you | ܗܘܐ | to you | σοι | to you | ||||||
| — | Χοραζίν, | Chorazin! | — | | | chorozain | Corozain | Chorazin! | ܘܝ | Chorazin! | Χοραζίν | Chorazin! | ||||||
| — | οὐαί | Woe | — | | | essent | væ | Woe | ܠܟܝ | Woe | οὐαί | Woe | ||||||
| — | σοι | to you | — | | | sunt | tibi | to you | ܟܘܪܙܝܢ | to you | σοι | to you | ||||||
| — | Βηθσαϊδά, | Bethsaida! | — | | | betsaida | Bethsaida | Bethsaida! | ܘܝ | Bethsaida! | Βηθσαϊδά | Bethsaida! | ||||||
| — | ὅτι | For | — | | | quia | quia | For | — | — | ὅτι | For | ||||||
| — | εἰ | if | — | | | si | si | if | ܠܟܝ | if | εἰ | if | ||||||
| — | ἐν | in | — | | | in | in | in | ܒܝܬ | in | ἐν | in | ||||||
| — | Τύρῳ | Tyre | — | | | tyro | Tyro | Tyre | ܨܝܕܐ | Tyre | Τύρῳ | Tyre | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܕܐܠܘ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | Σιδῶνι | Sidon | — | | | sidona | Sidone | Sidon | ܒܨܘܪ | Sidon | Σιδῶνι | Sidon | ||||||
| — | ἐγένοντο | had taken place | — | | | factae | factæ essent | had been done | ܘܒܨܝܕܢ | had taken place | ἐγένοντο | had taken place | ||||||
| — | αἱ | the | — | | | iam | — | — | — | — | αἱ | the | ||||||
| — | δυνάμεις | miracles | — | | | uirtutes | virtutes | miracles | ܗܘܘ | miracles | δυνάμεις | miracles | ||||||
| — | αἱ | which | — | | | quae | — | — | — | — | αἱ | which | ||||||
| — | γενόμεναι | having come to pass | — | | | factae | factæ sunt | were done | ܚܝܠܐ | having come to pass | γενόμεναι | having come to pass | ||||||
| — | ἐν | in | εν | | | in | in | in | ܐܝܠܝܢ | in | ἐν | in | ||||||
| — | ὑμῖν, | you, | — | | | uobis | vobis | you | ܕܗܘܘ | you, | ὑμῖν | you, | ||||||
| — | πάλαι | long ago | — | | | olim | olim | long ago | — | — | πάλαι | long ago | ||||||
| — | ἂν | then would | — | | | et | — | — | ܒܟܝܢ | then would | ἂν | then would | ||||||
| — | ἐν | in | — | | | in | in | in | ܟܒܪ | in | ἐν | in | ||||||
| — | σάκκῳ | sackcloth | — | | | in | cilicio | sackcloth | ܕܝܢ | sackcloth | σάκκῳ | sackcloth | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܒܤܩܐ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | σποδῷ | ashes | σποδω | | | cinere | cinere | ashes | ܘܒܩܛܡܐ | ashes | σποδῷ | ashes | ||||||
| — | μετενόησαν. | they have repented. | μετενοησαν | | | — | egissent pœnitentiam | they would have repented | ܬܒܘ | they have repented. | μετενόησαν | they have repented. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 11:26 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||