The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | and | — | | | dicunt | dicunt | and | ܘܐܡܪܝܢ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | λέγουσιν· | saying: | λεγουσιν | | | cantauimus | Cecinimus | saying: | ܙܡܪܢ | saying: | λέγουσιν | saying: | ||||||
| — | ηὐλήσαμεν | We piped | ηυλησαμεν | | | uobis | vobis | We piped | — | — | Ηὐλήσαμεν | We piped | ||||||
| — | ὑμῖν | for you | ϋμειν | | | — | — | — | ܠܟܘܢ | for you | ὑμῖν | for you | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܘܠܐ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | οὐκ | not | ουκ | | | non | non | not | — | — | οὐκ | not | ||||||
| — | ὠρχήσασθε,¶¬ | you did dance, | — | | | saltastis | saltastis | you did dance, | ܪܩܕܬܘܢ | you did dance, | ὠρχήσασθε | you did dance, | ||||||
| — | ἐθρηνήσαμεν | we sang a dirge | εθρηνησαμεν | | | lamentastis | lamentavimus | we sang a dirge | ܘܐܠܝܢ | we sang a dirge | ἐθρηνήσαμεν | we sang a dirge | ||||||
| — | ὑμῖν | to you | — | | | — | — | — | ܠܟܘܢ | to you | ὑμῖν | to you | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | — | — | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | οὐκ | not | ουκ | | | non | non | not | ܘܠܐ | not | οὐκ | not | ||||||
| — | ἐκόψασθε. | you did wail. | — | | | fleuimus | planxistis | you did wail. | ܐܪܩܕܬܘܢ | you did wail. | ἐκόψασθε | you did wail. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 11:26 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||