The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܠܐ | And | Καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | μὴ | not | μη | | | ne | nolite | not | ܬܕܚܠܘܢ | not | μὴ | not | ||||||
| — | φοβεῖσθε | do be afraid | — | | | timueritis | timere | do be afraid | ܡܢ | do be afraid | φοβεῖσθε | do be afraid | ||||||
| — | ἀπὸ | of | απο | | | ab | eos | of | ܐܝܠܝܢ | of | ἀπὸ | of | ||||||
| — | τῶν | those | των | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῶν | those | ||||||
| — | ἀποκτεννόντων | killing | αποκτεννοντων | | | qui | qui occidunt | who kill | ܕܩܛܠܝܢ | killing | ἀποκτενόντων | killing | ||||||
| — | τὸ | the | το | | | his | — | — | — | — | τὸ | the | ||||||
| — | σῶμα, | body, | σωμα | | | corpus | corpus | body | ܦܓܪܐ | body, | σῶμα | body, | ||||||
| — | τὴν | the | την | | | occidere | — | — | — | — | τὴν | the | ||||||
| — | δὲ | however | δε | | | autem | autem | but | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | however | ||||||
| — | ψυχὴν | soul | ψυχην | | | animam | animam | soul | ܕܝܢ | soul | ψυχὴν | soul | ||||||
| — | μὴ | not | μη | | | non | non | not | ܠܐ | not | μὴ | not | ||||||
| — | δυναμένων | being able | δυναμενων | | | possunt | possunt | are able | ܡܫܟܚܝܢ | being able | δυναμένων | being able | ||||||
| — | ἀποκτεῖναι· | to kill; | — | | | occidunt | occidere | to kill | — | — | ἀποκτεῖναι | to kill; | ||||||
| — | φοβεῖσθε | do be afraid | — | | | autem | sed | but | ܠܡܩܛܠ | do be afraid | φοβήθητε | do be afraid | ||||||
| — | δὲ | however | δε | | | potest | potius | rather | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | however | ||||||
| — | μᾶλλον | rather | μαλλον | | | timete | timete | fear | ܕܝܢ | rather | μᾶλλον | rather | ||||||
| — | τὸν | the One | τον | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὸν | the One | ||||||
| — | δυνάμενον | being able | δυναμενον | | | eum | eum qui potest | him who is able | ܝܬܝܪܐܝܬ | being able | δυνάμενον | being able | ||||||
| — | καὶ | both | και | | | et | et | both | ܡܢ | both | καὶ | both | ||||||
| — | τὴν | <the> | — | | | macis | — | — | — | — | τὴν | <the> | ||||||
| — | ψυχὴν | soul | ψυχην | | | animam | animam | soul | ܡܢ | soul | ψυχὴν | soul | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܕܡܫܟܚ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | τὸ | <the> | — | | | qui | — | — | — | — | τὸ | <the> | ||||||
| — | σῶμα | body | σωμα | | | corpus | corpus | body | ܕܠܢܦܫܐ | body | σῶμα | body | ||||||
| — | ἀπολέσαι | to destroy | απολεσαι | | | perdere | perdere | to destroy | ܘܠܦܓܪܐ | to destroy | ἀπολέσαι | to destroy | ||||||
| — | ἐν | in | — | | | in | in | in | ܢܘܒܕ | in | ἐν | in | ||||||
| — | γεέννῃ. | hell. | — | | | gehennam | gehenna | hell | ܒܓܗܢܐ | hell. | γεέννῃ | hell. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 10:32 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||