The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܡܫܐܠ | And | Καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | ἐπηρώτησεν | He asked | επηρωτησεν | | | respondit | interrogavit | He asked | ܗܘܐ | He asked | ἐπηρώτησεν | He asked | ||||||
| — | αὐτούς | those | αυτους | | | unus | eos | those | ܠܤܦܪܐ | those | τοὺς | those | ||||||
| — | γραμματεῖς· | scribes: | — | | | de | Quid | scribes: | — | — | γραμματεῖς | scribes: | ||||||
| — | τί | What | τι | | | turba | inter | What | ܡܢܐ | What | Τί | What | ||||||
| — | συζητεῖτε | are you disputing | — | | | ei | vos | are you disputing | ܕܪܫܝܢ | are you disputing | συζητεῖτε | are you disputing | ||||||
| — | πρὸς | with | — | | | magister | conquiritis | with | ܐܢܬܘܢ | with | πρὸς | with | ||||||
| — | αὐτούς;¶ | them? | — | | | — | — | — | ܥܡܗܘܢ | them? | αὐτούς | them? | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Mark 9:18 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||