The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܥܝܢ | And | καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | παρρησίᾳ | openly | παρρησια | | | palam | palam | openly | ܒܓܠܐ | openly | παρρησίᾳ | openly | ||||||
| — | τὸν | the | τον | | | quem | — | — | — | — | τὸν | the | ||||||
| — | λόγον | word | λογον | | | uerbum | verbum | word | ܡܠܬܐ | word | λόγον | word | ||||||
| — | ἐλάλει.¶ | He was speaking. | ελαλει | | | loquebatur | loquebatur | He was speaking. | ܡܡܠܠ | He was speaking. | ἐλάλει | He was speaking. | ||||||
| — | Καὶ | And | και | | | — | Et | And | ܗܘܐ | And | Καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | προσλαβόμενος | having taken | προσλαβομενος | | | respiciens | apprehendens | having taken | — | — | προσλαβόμενος | having taken | ||||||
| — | ὁ | <the> | ο | | | — | — | — | — | — | αὐτὸν | <the> | ||||||
| — | Πέτρος | Peter | πετρος | | | eum | eum | Peter | ܘܕܒܪܗ | Peter | ὁ | Peter | ||||||
| — | αὐτὸν | him | — | | | petrus | Petrus | him | ܟܐܦܐ | him | Πέτρος | him | ||||||
| — | ἤρξατο | began | ηρξατο | | | coepit | cœpit | began | ܘܫܪܝ | began | ἤρξατο | began | ||||||
| — | ἐπιτιμᾶν | to rebuke | επιτειμαν | | | — | increpare | to rebuke | ܠܡܟܐܐ | to rebuke | ἐπιτιμᾷν | to rebuke | ||||||
| — | αὐτῷ. | Him. | αυτω | | | ohiurgare | eum | Him. | ܒܗ | Him. | αὐτῷ | Him. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Mark 8:34 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||