The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
καὶP84 | And | καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܢܦܩ | And | Καὶ | And | |||||
ἐξελθὼνP84 | having gone out | ἐξελθὼν | having gone out | εξελθων | | | exientes | exiens | having gone out | ܝܫܘܥ | having gone out | ἐξελθὼν | having gone out | |||||
εἶδενP84 | He saw | εἶδεν | He saw | — | | | uidentes | vidit | He saw | ܚܙܐ | He saw | εἶδεν | He saw | |||||
ὁP84 | <the> | ὁ | <the> | — | | | condoluit | — | — | — | — | ὁ | <the> | |||||
ἸησοῦςP84 | Jesus | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | — | | | turbam | turbam | Jesus | — | — | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | |||||
πολὺνP84 | a great | πολὺν | a great | — | | | multa | multam | a great | ܟܢܫܐ | a great | πολὺν | a great | |||||
ὄχλονP84 | crowd | ὄχλον | crowd | — | | | ihs | Jesus | crowd | ܤܓܝܐܐ | crowd | ὄχλον | crowd | |||||
καὶP84 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܘܐܬܪܚܡ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
ἐσπλαγχνίσθηP84 | was moved with compassion | ἐσπλαγχνίσθη | was moved with compassion | — | | | — | misertus | was moved with compassion | ܥܠܝܗܘܢ | was moved with compassion | ἐσπλαγχνίσθη | was moved with compassion | |||||
ἐπ᾽P84 | toward | ἐπ᾽ | toward | επ | | | coepit | est | toward | — | — | ἐπ’ | toward | |||||
αὐτοὺςP84 | them | αὐτοὺς | them | αυτους | | | super | super | them | ܕܕܡܝܢ | them | αὐτοῖς | them | |||||
ὅτιP84 | because | ὅτι | because | οτι | | | eos | eos | because | ܗܘܘ | because | ὅτι | because | |||||
ἦσανP84 | they were | ἦσαν | they were | ησαν | | | qui | quia | they were | ܠܥܪܒܐ | they were | ἦσαν | they were | |||||
ὡςP84 | like | ὡς | like | ως | | | erant | erant | like | ܕܠܝܬ | like | ὡς | like | |||||
πρόβαταP84 | sheep | πρόβατα | sheep | προβατα | | | sicut | sicut | sheep | — | — | πρόβατα | sheep | |||||
μὴP84 | not | μὴ | not | μη | | | oues | oves | not | ܠܗܘܢ | not | μὴ | not | |||||
ἔχονταP84 | having | ἔχοντα | having | εχοντα | | | non | non | having | ܪܥܝܐ | having | ἔχοντα | having | |||||
ποιμένα.P84 | a shepherd. | ποιμένα. | a shepherd. | — | | | habentes | habentes | a shepherd. | ܘܫܪܝ | a shepherd. | ποιμένα | a shepherd. | |||||
καὶP84 | And | καὶ | And | και | | | pastorem | pastorem | And | ܗܘܐ | And | καὶ | And | |||||
ἤρξατοP84 | He began | ἤρξατο | He began | ηρξατο | | | et | et | He began | — | — | ἤρξατο | He began | |||||
διδάσκεινP84 | to teach | διδάσκειν | to teach | διδασκειν | | | — | cœpit | to teach | ܠܡܠܦܘ | to teach | διδάσκειν | to teach | |||||
αὐτοὺςP84 | them | αὐτοὺς | them | αυτους | | | docere | docere | them | ܐܢܘܢ | them | αὐτοὺς | them | |||||
πολλά.¶P84 | many things. | πολλά.¶ | many things. | πολλα | | | illos | multa | many things. | ܤܓܝܐܬܐ | many things. | πολλά | many things. | |||||
| Next Fragment: Mark 6:36 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||