The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
καὶP84 | And | καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܚܙܘ | And | Καὶ | And | |||||
εἶδονP84 | they saw | εἶδον | they saw | — | | | uiderunt | viderunt | they saw | — | — | εἶδον | they saw | |||||
αὐτοὺςP84 | them | αὐτοὺς | them | αυτους | | | uenerunt | — | — | ܐܢܘܢ | them | αὐτοὺς | them | |||||
ὑπάγονταςP84 | going | ὑπάγοντας | going | ϋπαγοντας | | | eos | eos | going | ܤܓܝܐܐ | going | ὑπάγοντας | going | |||||
οἱP84 | <the> | οἱ | <the> | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | καὶ | <the> | |||||
ὄχλοι,P84 | crowds | ὄχλοι, | crowds | — | | | abeuntes | abeuntes | crowds | — | — | ἐπέγνωσαν | crowds | |||||
καὶP84 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | — | — | — | ܟܕ | and | αὐτὸν | and | |||||
ἐπέγνωσανP84 | recognized | ἐπέγνωσαν | recognized | — | | | et | et | recognized | — | — | πολλοί | recognized | |||||
αὐτὸνP84 | him | αὐτὸν | him | — | | | cognouerunt | cognoverunt | him | ܐܙܠܝܢ | him | καὶ | him | |||||
πολλοὶP84 | many | πολλοὶ | many | πολλοι | | | multi | multi | many | ܘܐܫܬܘܕܥܘ | many | πεζῇ | many | |||||
καὶP84 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | — | — | — | — | — | ἀπὸ | and | |||||
πεζῇP84 | on foot | πεζῇ | on foot | πεζη | | | et | et | on foot | ܐܢܘܢ | on foot | πασῶν | on foot | |||||
ἀπὸP84 | from | ἀπὸ | from | απο | | | pedestre | pedestres | from | — | — | τῶν | from | |||||
πασῶνP84 | all | πασῶν | all | — | | | de | de | all | ܘܒܝܒܫܐ | all | πόλεων | all | |||||
τῶνP84 | the | τῶν | the | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | συνέδραμον | the | |||||
πόλεωνP84 | cities | πόλεων | cities | πολεων | | | — | — | — | — | — | ἐκεῖ | cities | |||||
συνέδραμονP84 | ran together | συνέδραμον | ran together | συνεδραμον | | | omnem | omnibus | ran together | ܪܗܛܘ | ran together | καὶ | ran together | |||||
ἐκεῖP84 | there | ἐκεῖ | there | εκει | | | ciuitatem | civitatibus | there | ܡܢ | there | προῆλθον | there | |||||
καὶP84 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | — | — | — | — | — | αὐτούς | and | |||||
προῆλθονP84 | went before | προῆλθον | went before | — | | | concurrerunt | concurrerunt | went before | ܟܠܗܝܢ | went before | καὶ | went before | |||||
αὐτούςP84 | them | αὐτούς | them | — | | | illuc | illuc | them | — | — | συνῆλθον | them | |||||
καὶP84 | and | καὶ | and | — | | | et | et | and | ܡܕܝܢܬܐ | and | πρὸς | and | |||||
συνῆλθονP84 | together went | συνῆλθον | together went | συνηλθον | | | — | — | — | ܩܕܡܘܗܝ | together went | αὐτόν | together went | |||||
πρὸςP84 | to | πρὸς | to | — | | | — | prævenerunt | to | — | — | πρὸς | to | |||||
αὐτόν.P84 | him. | αὐτόν. | him. | — | | | ibi | eos | him. | ܠܬܡܢ | him. | αὐτόν. | him. | |||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||