The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | Καὶ | And | — | | | et | Et | And | ܘܟܕ | And | Καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | ἤδη | already | ηδη | | | cum | cum | already | ܗܘܐ | already | ἤδη | already | ||||||
| — | ὥρας | when the hour | ωρας | | | iam | jam | when the hour | ܥܕܢܐ | when the hour | ὥρας | when the hour | ||||||
| — | πολλῆς | late | πολλης | | | ora | hora | late | — | — | πολλῆς | late | ||||||
| — | γενομένης | being | — | | | multa | multa | being | ܤܓܝܐܐ | being | γενομένης | being | ||||||
| — | προσελθόντες | having come | προσελθοντες | | | fieret | fieret | having come | ܩܪܒܘ | having come | προσελθόντες | having come | ||||||
| — | αὐτῷ | to Him | — | | | accesserunt | accesserunt | to Him | ܠܘܬܗ | to Him | αὐτῷ | to Him | ||||||
| — | οἱ | the | οι | | | ei | — | — | — | — | οἱ | the | ||||||
| — | μαθηταὶ | disciples | μαθηται | | | discipuii | discipuli | disciples | ܬܠܡܝܕܘܗܝ | disciples | μαθηταὶ | disciples | ||||||
| — | αὐτοῦ | of Him | αυτου | | | eius | ejus | of Him | — | — | αὐτοῦ | of Him | ||||||
| — | ἔλεγον | were saying | — | | | dicunt | dicentes | were saying | ܘܐܡܪܝܢ | were saying | λέγουσιν | were saying | ||||||
| — | ὅτι | that | οτι | | | desertus | Desertus | that | ܠܗ | that | ὅτι | that | ||||||
| — | ἔρημός | Desolate | ερημος | | | est | est | Desolate | ܕܗܢܐ | Desolate | Ἔρημός | Desolate | ||||||
| — | ἐστιν | is | εστιν | | | locus | locus | is | ܐܬܪܐ | is | ἐστιν | is | ||||||
| — | ὁ | the | — | | | quia | — | — | — | — | ὁ | the | ||||||
| — | τόπος, | place, | τοπος | | | — | hic | place, | ܚܘܪܒܐ | place, | τόπος | place, | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | — | | | et | et | and | — | — | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | ἤδη | already it is | ηδη | | | ïam | jam | already it is | ܗܘ | already it is | ἤδη | already it is | ||||||
| — | ὥρα | an hour | ωρα | | | ora | hora | an hour | ܘܥܕܢܐ | an hour | ὥρα | an hour | ||||||
| — | πολλή· | late; | πολλη | | | multa | præteriit | late; | ܤܓܝ | late; | πολλή | late; | ||||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||