The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | ἔτι | Still | ετι | | | adhuc | Adhuc | ? | ܘܥܕ | Still | Ἔτι | Still | ||||||
| — | αὐτοῦ | when He | αυτου | | | eo | eo | ? | ܗܘ | when He | αὐτοῦ | when He | ||||||
| — | λαλοῦντος | is speaking | λαλουντος | | | loquente | loquente | ? | ܡܡܠܠ | is speaking | λαλοῦντος | is speaking | ||||||
| — | ἔρχονται | they come | ερχονται | | | ueniunt | veniunt | ? | ܐܬܘ | they come | ἔρχονται | they come | ||||||
| — | ἀπὸ | from | απο | | | ab | ab | from/by | ܡܢ | from | ἀπὸ | from | ||||||
| — | τοῦ | the | του | | | magistrum | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | the | ||||||
| — | ἀρχισυναγώγου | ruler of synagogue’s house | αρχισυναγωγου | | | archisynagogo | archisynagogo | ? | ܕܒܝܬ | ruler of synagogue’s house | ἀρχισυναγώγου | ruler of synagogue’s house | ||||||
| — | λέγοντες | saying | λεγοντες | | | dicentes | dicentes | ? | ܪܒ | saying | λέγοντες | saying | ||||||
| — | ὅτι | that | οτι | | | quia | Quia | because/that | ܟܢܘܫܬܐ | that | ὅτι | that | ||||||
| — | ἡ | The | η | | | ei | — | — | — | — | Ἡ | The | ||||||
| — | θυγάτηρ | daughter | θυγατηρ | | | filia | filia | ? | ܘܐܡܪܝܢ | daughter | θυγάτηρ | daughter | ||||||
| — | σου | of You | σου | | | tua | tua | ? | ܕܒܪܬܟ | of You | σου | of You | ||||||
| — | ἀπέθανεν· | is dead; | απεθανεν | | | mortua | mortua | ? | ܡܝܬܬ | is dead; | ἀπέθανεν | is dead; | ||||||
| — | τί | why | τι | | | est | est | is | ܠܡܢܐ | why | τί | why | ||||||
| — | ἔτι | still | ετι | | | quid | quid | ? | ܡܟܝܠ | still | ἔτι | still | ||||||
| — | σκύλλεις | trouble you | σκυλλεις | | | — | ultra | beyond | ܡܥܡܠ | trouble you | σκύλλεις | trouble you | ||||||
| — | τὸν | the | τον | | | iam | — | — | — | — | τὸν | the | ||||||
| — | διδάσκαλον;¶ | Teacher? | διδασκαλον | | | uexas | magistrum | ? | ܐܢܬ | Teacher? | διδάσκαλον | Teacher? | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Mark 5:38 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||