The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
εκεινοσP66 · P75 | He | ἐκεῖνος | He | εκεινος | | | ille | Ille | He | ܗܘ | He | Ἐκεῖνος | He | |||||
ηνP66 · P75 | was | ἦν | was | ην | | | erat | erat | was | — | — | ἦν | was | |||||
οP66 · P75 | the | ὁ | the | ο | | | exultare | — | — | — | — | ὁ | the | |||||
λυχνοσP66 · P75 | lamp | λύχνος | lamp | — | | | lucerna | lucerna | lamp | ܫܪܓܐ | lamp | λύχνος | lamp | |||||
οP66 · P75 | which | ὁ | which | ο | | | — | — | — | — | — | ὁ | which | |||||
καιομενοσP66 · P75 | is burning | καιόμενος | is burning | καιομενος | | | ardens | ardens | is burning | ܗܘܐ | is burning | καιόμενος | is burning | |||||
καιP66 · P75 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | — | — | καὶ | and | |||||
φαινωνP66 · P75 | shining, | φαίνων, | shining, | φαινων | | | lucens | lucens | shining, | ܕܕܠܩ | shining, | φαίνων | shining, | |||||
υμεισP66 · P75 | you yourselves | ὑμεῖς | you yourselves | ϋμεις | | | uos | vos | you yourselves | ܘܡܢܗܪ | you yourselves | ὑμεῖς | you yourselves | |||||
δεP66 · P75 | now | δὲ | now | δε | | | autem | autem | now | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | now | |||||
ηθελησαταιP66 · P75 | were willing | ἠθελήσατε | were willing | ηθελησατε | | | uoluistis | voluistis | were willing | ܘܐܢܬܘܢ | were willing | ἠθελήσατε | were willing | |||||
αγαλλιαθηναιP66 · P75 | to rejoice | ἀγαλλιαθῆναι | to rejoice | αγαλλιαθηναι | | | ad | ad | to rejoice | ܨܒܝܬܘܢ | to rejoice | ἀγαλλιαθῆναι | to rejoice | |||||
προσP66 · P75 | for | πρὸς | for | προς | | | — | horam | for | — | — | πρὸς | for | |||||
ωρανP66 · P75 | a season | ὥραν | a season | ωραν | | | oram | exsultare | a season | ܕܬܫܬܒܗܪܘܢ | a season | ὥραν | a season | |||||
ενP66 · P75 | in | ἐν | in | εν | | | in | in | in | ܕܫܥܬܐ | in | ἐν | in | |||||
τωP66 · P75 | the | τῷ | the | τω | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῷ | the | |||||
φωτιP66 · P75 | light | φωτὶ | light | φωτι | | | lumine | luce | light | — | — | φωτὶ | light | |||||
αυτουP66 · P75 | of him. | αὐτοῦ. | of him. | αυτου | | | eius | ejus | of him. | ܒܢܘܗܪܗ | of him. | αὐτοῦ | of him. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||