The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | And | — | | | qui | Qui | And | ܘܗܢܘܢ | And | Οἱ | And | ||||||
| — | οἱ | those | οι | | | — | — | — | — | — | δὲ | those | ||||||
| — | δὲ | now | δε | | | autem | autem | now | ܕܝܢ | but | βόσκοντες | now | ||||||
| — | βόσκοντες | feeding | βοσκοντες | | | pascebant | pascebant | feeding | ܕܪܥܝܢ | feeding | τοὺς | feeding | ||||||
| — | αὐτοὺς | them | — | | | eos | eos | them | ܗܘܘ | them | χοίρους | them | ||||||
| — | χοίρους | pigs | — | | | fugerunt | fugerunt | pigs | — | — | ἔφυγον | pigs | ||||||
| — | ἔφυγον | fled | εφυγον | | | et | et | fled | ܠܗܘܢ | fled | καὶ | fled | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | nuntiauerunt | nuntiaverunt | and | ܥܪܩܘ | and | ἀνήγγειλαν | and | ||||||
| — | ἀπήγγειλαν | proclaimed it | απηγγειλαν | | | in | in | proclaimed it | — | — | εἰς | proclaimed it | ||||||
| — | εἰς | to | εις | | | ciuitate | civitatem | to | ܘܐܡܪܘ | to | τὴν | to | ||||||
| — | τὴν | the | την | | | — | — | — | — | — | πόλιν | the | ||||||
| — | πόλιν | city | πολιν | | | et | et | city | ܒܡܕܝܢܬܐ | city | καὶ | city | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | in | in | and | — | — | εἰς | and | ||||||
| — | εἰς | to | εις | | | agros | agros | to | ܘܐܦ | to | τοὺς | to | ||||||
| — | τοὺς | the | τους | | | — | — | — | — | — | ἀγρούς | the | ||||||
| — | ἀγρούς. | country. | αγρους | | | et | Et | country. | ܒܩܘܪܝܐ | country. | Καὶ | country. | ||||||
| — | καὶ | And | και | | | egressi | egressi | And | — | — | ἐξῆλθον | And | ||||||
| — | ἦλθον | they went out | — | | | sunt | sunt | they went out | ܘܢܦܩܘ | they went out | ἰδεῖν | they went out | ||||||
| — | ἰδεῖν | to see | ειδειν | | | uidere | videre | to see | ܠܡܚܙܐ | to see | τί | to see | ||||||
| — | τί | what | τι | | | quid | quid | what | — | — | ἐστιν | what | ||||||
| — | ἐστιν | it is | εστιν | | | esset | esset | it is | ܡܕܡ | it is | τὸ | it is | ||||||
| — | τὸ | that | το | | | — | — | — | — | — | γεγονός | that | ||||||
| — | γεγονός.¶ | having happened. | γεγονος | | | — | factum | having happened. | ܕܗܘܐ | having happened. | γεγονός.¶ | having happened. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Mark 5:16 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||