The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | εἴ | If | ει | | | si | Si | If | ܐܢ | If | Εἴ | If | ||||||
| — | τις | anyone | τις | | | quis | quis | anyone | ܐܢܫ | anyone | τις | anyone | ||||||
| — | ἔχει | has | εχει | | | habet | habet | has | ܐܝܬ | has | ἔχει | has | ||||||
| — | ὦτα | ears | ωτα | | | aures | aures | ears | ܠܗ | ears | ὦτα | ears | ||||||
| — | ἀκούειν | to hear | ακουειν | | | audiendi | audiendi | to hear | ܐܕܢܐ | to hear | ἀκούειν | to hear | ||||||
| — | ἀκουέτω.¶ | he should hear. | ακουετω | | | audiat | audiat | he should hear. | ܕܢܫܡܥ | he should hear. | ἀκουέτω | he should hear. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Mark 4:33 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||