The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
αλλαP66 · P75 | But | ἀλλ᾽ | But | — | | | sed | Sed | But | ܐܠܐ | But | Ἀλλ’ | But | |||||
ερχεταιP66 · P75 | is coming | ἔρχεται | is coming | ερχεται | | | uenit | venit | is coming | ܐܬܝܐ | is coming | ἔρχεται | is coming | |||||
ωραP66 · P75 | an hour | ὥρα | an hour | ωρα | | | hora | hora | an hour | ܫܥܬܐ | an hour | ὥρα | an hour | |||||
καιP66 · P75 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܘܗܫܐ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
νυνP66 · P75 | now | νῦν | now | νυν | | | nunc | nunc | now | ܐܝܬܝܗ | now | νῦν | now | |||||
εστινP66 · P75 | is, | ἐστιν, | is, | εστιν | | | est | est | is, | — | — | ἐστιν | is, | |||||
οτεP66 · P75 | when | ὅτε | when | οτε | | | quaerit | quando | when | ܐܡܬܝ | when | ὅτε | when | |||||
οιP66 · P75 | the | οἱ | the | οι | | | eum | — | — | — | — | οἱ | the | |||||
αληθινοιP66 · P75 | true | ἀληθινοὶ | true | αληθινοι | | | ueri | veri | true | ܕܤܓܘܕܐ | true | ἀληθινοὶ | true | |||||
προσκυνηταιP66 · P75 | worshipers | προσκυνηταὶ | worshipers | προσκυνηται | | | adoratores | adoratores | worshipers | ܫܪܝܪܐ | worshipers | προσκυνηταὶ | worshipers | |||||
προσκυνησουσινP66 · P75 | will worship | προσκυνήσουσιν | will worship | προσκυνησουσιν | | | adorauerunt | adorabunt | will worship | ܢܤܓܕܘܢ | will worship | προσκυνήσουσιν | will worship | |||||
τωP66 · P75 | the | τῷ | the | τω | | | cum | — | — | — | — | τῷ | the | |||||
πριP66 · P75 | Father | πατρὶ | Father | πατρι | | | patri | Patrem | Father | ܠܐܒܐ | Father | πατρὶ | Father | |||||
ενP66 · P75 | in | ἐν | in | εν | | | in | in | in | ܒܪܘܚܐ | in | ἐν | in | |||||
πνιP66 · P75 | spirit | πνεύματι | spirit | πνι | | | — | spiritu | spirit | ܘܒܫܪܪܐ | spirit | πνεύματι | spirit | |||||
καιP66 · P75 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܐܦ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
αληθιαP66 · P75 | truth; | ἀληθείᾳ· | truth; | αληθεια | | | ueritate | veritate | truth; | ܐܒܐ | truth; | ἀληθείᾳ | truth; | |||||
καιP66 · P75 | also | καὶ | also | και | | | — | Nam | also | ܓܝܪ | also | καὶ | also | |||||
γαρP66 · P75 | for | γὰρ | for | γαρ | | | et | et | for | ܓܝܪ | for | γὰρ | for | |||||
οP66 · P75 | the | ὁ | the | ο | | | spu | — | — | — | — | ὁ | the | |||||
πηρP66 · P75 | Father | πατὴρ | Father | πατηρ | | | pater | Pater | Father | ܕܐܝܟ | Father | πατὴρ | Father | |||||
τοιουτουσP66 · P75 | such | τοιούτους | such | τοιουτους | | | tales | tales | such | ܗܠܝܢ | such | τοιούτους | such | |||||
ζητειP66 · P75 | seeks | ζητεῖ | seeks | ζητει | | | — | quærit | seeks | ܗܘ | seeks | ζητεῖ | seeks | |||||
τουσP66 · P75 | who | τοὺς | who | τους | | | — | — | — | — | — | τοὺς | who | |||||
προσκυνουτασP66 · P75 | worship | προσκυνοῦντας | worship | προσκυνουντας | | | enim | qui | worship | ܤܓܘܕܐ | worship | προσκυνοῦντας | worship | |||||
αυτονP66 · P75 | Him. | αὐτόν. | Him. | αυτον | | | adorantes | adorent | Him. | ܒܥܐ | Him. | αὐτόν | Him. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||