The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܐܡܪ | And | Καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | εἶπεν | He said | ειπεν | | | dixit | ait | He said | ܠܗܘܢ | He said | εἶπεν | He said | ||||||
| — | πρὸς | to | προς | | | ad | illis | to | ܝܫܘܥ | to | πρὸς | to | ||||||
| — | αὐτούς· | them; | αυτους | | | utique | Utique | them; | — | — | αὐτούς | them; | ||||||
| — | πάντως | Surely | παντως | | | dicetis | dicetis | Surely | ܟܒܪ | Surely | Πάντως | Surely | ||||||
| — | ἐρεῖτέ | you will say | ερειτε | | | mihi | mihi | you will say | ܬܐܡܪܘܢ | you will say | ἐρεῖτέ | you will say | ||||||
| — | μοι | to Me | μοι | | | hanc | hanc | to Me | ܠܝ | to Me | μοι | to Me | ||||||
| — | τὴν | <the> | την | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὴν | <the> | ||||||
| — | παραβολὴν | proverb | παραβολην | | | eos | similitudinem | proverb | ܡܬܠܐ | proverb | παραβολὴν | proverb | ||||||
| — | ταύτην· | this; | ταυτην | | | medice | Medice | this; | — | — | ταύτην | this; | ||||||
| — | ἰατρέ, | Physician | ϊατρε | | | cura | cura | Physician | ܗܢܐ | Physician | Ἰατρέ | Physician | ||||||
| — | θεράπευσον | do heal | θεραπευσον | | | te | teipsum | do heal | ܐܤܝܐ | do heal | θεράπευσον | do heal | ||||||
| — | σεαυτόν· | yourself! | σεαυτον | | | parabolam | — | — | ܐܤܐ | yourself! | σεαυτόν | yourself! | ||||||
| — | ὅσα | As much as | οσα | | | quaecumque | quanta | As much as | ܢܦܫܟ | As much as | ὅσα | As much as | ||||||
| — | ἠκούσαμεν | we have heard | ηκουσαμεν | | | audiuimus | audivimus | we have heard | ܘܟܠ | we have heard | ἠκούσαμεν | we have heard | ||||||
| — | γενόμενα | has been done | — | | | facta | facta | has been done | — | — | γενόμενα | has been done | ||||||
| — | εἰς | in | εις | | | in | in | in | ܕܫܡܥܢ | in | ἐν | in | ||||||
| — | τὴν | <the> | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῇ | <the> | ||||||
| — | Καφαρναούμ, | Capernaum, | καφαρναουμ | | | ipsum | Capharnaum | Capernaum, | ܕܥܒܕܬ | Capernaum, | Καπερναούμ | Capernaum, | ||||||
| — | ποίησον | do perform | ποιησον | | | fac | fac | do perform | ܒܟܦܪܢܚܘܡ | do perform | ποίησον | do perform | ||||||
| — | καὶ | also | και | | | et | et | also | ܥܒܕ | also | καὶ | also | ||||||
| — | ὧδε | here | ωδε | | | hic | hic | here | — | — | ὧδε | here | ||||||
| — | ἐν | in | εν | | | in | in | in | ܐܦ | in | ἐν | in | ||||||
| — | τῇ | the | τη | | | cafarnaum | — | — | — | — | τῇ | the | ||||||
| — | πατρίδι | hometown | πατριδι | | | patria | patria | hometown | ܗܪܟܐ | hometown | πατρίδι | hometown | ||||||
| — | σου.¶ | of You. | σου | | | tua | tua | of You. | ܒܡܕܝܢܬܟ | of You. | σου | of You. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 4:29 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||