The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | And | και | | | et | et | And | ܘܡܠܦ | And | Καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | ἐδίδασκεν | He was teaching | εδιδασκεν | | | docebat | docebat | He was teaching | — | — | ἐδίδασκεν | He was teaching | ||||||
| — | αὐτοὺς | them | αυτους | | | illis | eos | them | ܗܘܐ | them | αὐτοὺς | them | ||||||
| — | ἐν | in | εν | | | in | in | in | ܠܗܘܢ | in | ἐν | in | ||||||
| — | παραβολαῖς | parables | παραβολαις | | | parauolis | parabolis | parables | — | — | παραβολαῖς | parables | ||||||
| — | πολλὰ | many things | πολλαις | | | multis | multa | many things | ܒܡܬܠܐ | many things | πολλά | many things | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܤܓܝ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | ἔλεγεν | He was saying | ελεγεν | | | dicebat | dicebat | He was saying | — | — | ἔλεγεν | He was saying | ||||||
| — | αὐτοῖς | to them | αυτοις | | | illos | illis | to them | ܘܐܡܪ | to them | αὐτοῖς | to them | ||||||
| — | ἐν | in | εν | | | in | in | in | ܗܘܐ | in | ἐν | in | ||||||
| — | τῇ | the | τη | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῇ | the | ||||||
| — | διδαχῇ | teaching | διδαχη | | | doctrina | doctrina | teaching | — | — | διδαχῇ | teaching | ||||||
| — | αὐτοῦ· | of Him; | αυτου | | | sua | sua | of Him; | ܒܝܘܠܦܢܗ | of Him; | αὐτοῦ | of Him; | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Mark 4:33 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||