The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | ἵνα | so that | ϊνα | | | ut | ut | so that | ܕܟܕ | so that | ἵνα | so that | ||||||
| — | βλέποντες | Looking | βλεποντες | | | uidentes | videntes | Looking | ܚܙܝܢ | Looking | βλέποντες | Looking | ||||||
| — | βλέπωσιν | they may look | — | | | uideant | videant | they may look | ܢܚܙܘܢ | they may look | βλέπωσιν | they may look | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | — | | | et | et | and | — | — | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | μὴ | not | — | | | non | non | not | ܘܠܐ | not | μὴ | not | ||||||
| — | ἴδωσιν | they may perceive | — | | | uideant | videant | they may perceive | ܢܚܙܘܢ | they may perceive | ἴδωσιν | they may perceive | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | — | | | et | et | and | ܘܟܕ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | ἀκούοντες | hearing | — | | | audientes | audientes | hearing | ܫܡܥܝܢ | hearing | ἀκούοντες | hearing | ||||||
| — | ἀκούωσιν | they may hear | ακουωσιν | | | audiant | audiant | they may hear | — | — | ἀκούωσιν | they may hear | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܢܫܡܥܘܢ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | μὴ | not | μη | | | non | non | not | ܘܠܐ | not | μὴ | not | ||||||
| — | συνιῶσιν | they may understand | — | | | intellegant | intelligant | they may understand | ܢܤܬܟܠܘܢ | they may understand | συνιῶσιν | they may understand | ||||||
| — | μήποτε | otherwise | — | | | nequando | nequando | otherwise | ܕܠܡܐ | otherwise | μήποτε | otherwise | ||||||
| — | ἐπιστρέψωσιν | they may turn | — | | | conuertantur | convertantur | they may turn | ܢܬܦܢܘܢ | they may turn | ἐπιστρέψωσιν | they may turn | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | — | — | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | ἀφεθῇ | may be forgiven | αφεθησομαι | | | dimittam | dimittantur | may be forgiven | ܘܢܫܬܒܩܘܢ | may be forgiven | ἀφεθῇ | may be forgiven | ||||||
| — | αὐτοῖς | to them’ | αυτοις | | | eis | eis | to them’ | ܠܗܘܢ | to them’ | αὐτοῖς | to them’ | ||||||
| — | τὰ | <the> | τα | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὰ | <the> | ||||||
| — | ἁμαρτήματα.¶ | sins. | αμαρτηματα | | | peccata | peccata | sins. | ܚܛܗܝܗܘܢ | sins. | ἁμαρτήματα | sins. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Mark 4:33 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||