The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | Καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܐܡܪ | And | Καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | εἶπεν | He spoke | ειπεν | | | dixit | dicit | He spoke | — | — | εἶπεν | He spoke | ||||||
| — | τοῖς | to the | τοις | | | in | — | — | — | — | τοῖς | to the | ||||||
| — | μαθηταῖς | disciples | μαθηταις | | | discipulis | discipulis | disciples | ܠܬܠܡܝܕܘܗܝ | disciples | μαθηταῖς | disciples | ||||||
| — | αὐτοῦ | of Him | αυτου | | | suis | suis | of Him | ܕܢܩܪܒܘܢ | of Him | αὐτοῦ | of Him | ||||||
| — | ἵνα | that | ϊνα | | | ut | ut | that | — | — | ἵνα | that | ||||||
| — | πλοιάριον | a boat | πλοιαριον | | | nauicula | navicula | a boat | ܠܗ | a boat | πλοιάριον | a boat | ||||||
| — | προσκαρτερῇ | may wait upon | προσκαρτερη | | | uti | — | — | — | — | προσκαρτερῇ | may wait upon | ||||||
| — | αὐτῷ | Him | αυτω | | | sibi | sibi | Him | ܤܦܝܢܬܐ | Him | αὐτῷ | Him | ||||||
| — | διὰ | on account of | δια | | | deseruiret | deserviret | on account of | ܡܛܠ | on account of | διὰ | on account of | ||||||
| — | τὸν | the | τον | | | conpremerent | — | — | — | — | τὸν | the | ||||||
| — | ὄχλον | crowd | οχλον | | | propter | propter | crowd | — | — | ὄχλον | crowd | ||||||
| — | ἵνα | that | ϊνα | | | turbam | turbam | that | ܟܢܫܐ | that | ἵνα | that | ||||||
| — | μὴ | not | μη | | | ne | ne | not | ܕܠܐ | not | μὴ | not | ||||||
| — | θλίβωσιν | they may press upon | θλιβωσιν | | | multi | comprimerent | they may press upon | — | — | θλίβωσιν | they may press upon | ||||||
| — | αὐτόν. | Him. | αυτον | | | eum | eum | Him. | ܢܚܒܨܘܢܝܗܝ | Him. | αὐτόν | Him. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Mark 4:33 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||