The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | Καὶ | And | — | | | exeuntes | Exeuntes | And | ܘܢܦܩܘ | And | Καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | ἐξελθόντες | having gone out | εξελθοντες | | | autem | autem | having gone out | ܦܪܝܫܐ | having gone out | ἐξελθόντες | having gone out | ||||||
| — | οἱ | the | οι | | | illum | — | — | — | — | οἱ | the | ||||||
| — | Φαρισαῖοι | Pharisees | φαρισαιοι | | | pharisaei | pharisæi | Pharisees | ܒܪ | Pharisees | Φαρισαῖοι | Pharisees | ||||||
| — | εὐθὺς | immediately | — | | | — | statim | immediately | ܫܥܬܗ | immediately | εὐθέως | immediately | ||||||
| — | μετὰ | with | μετα | | | cum | cum | with | ܥܡ | with | μετὰ | with | ||||||
| — | τῶν | the | των | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῶν | the | ||||||
| — | Ἡρῳδιανῶν | Herodians | ηρωδιανων | | | herodianis | Herodianis | Herodians | ܕܒܝܬ | Herodians | Ἡρῳδιανῶν | Herodians | ||||||
| — | συμβούλιον | counsel | — | | | consilium | consilium | counsel | — | — | συμβούλιον | counsel | ||||||
| — | ἐδίδουν | were giving | — | | | faciebant | faciebant | were giving | ܗܪܘܕܤ | were giving | ἐποίουν | were giving | ||||||
| — | κατ᾽ | against | κατ | | | aduersus | adversus | against | ܘܡܠܟܐ | against | κατ’ | against | ||||||
| — | αὐτοῦ | Him | αυτου | | | eum | eum | Him | ܢܤܒܘ | Him | αὐτοῦ | Him | ||||||
| — | ὅπως | how | οπως | | | quomodo | quomodo | how | ܥܠܘܗܝ | how | ὅπως | how | ||||||
| — | αὐτὸν | Him | αυτον | | | — | eum | Him | ܐܝܟܢܐ | Him | αὐτὸν | Him | ||||||
| — | ἀπολέσωσιν.¶ | they may destroy. | — | | | perderent | perderent | they may destroy. | ܕܢܘܒܕܘܢܝܗܝ | they may destroy. | ἀπολέσωσιν | they may destroy. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Mark 4:33 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||