The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܘܢܚܙܐ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | ὄψεται | will behold | οψεται | | | uidebit | videbit | will behold | ܟܠ | will behold | ὄψεται | will behold | ||||||
| — | πᾶσα | all | πασα | | | omnis | omnis | all | — | — | πᾶσα | all | ||||||
| — | σὰρξ | flesh | σαρξ | | | caro | caro | flesh | ܒܤܪ | flesh | σὰρξ | flesh | ||||||
| — | τὸ | the | το | | | dmi | — | — | — | — | τὸ | the | ||||||
| — | σωτήριον | salvation | σωτηριον | | | salutarem | salutare | salvation | ܚܝܐ | salvation | σωτήριον | salvation | ||||||
| — | τοῦ | <the> | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | <the> | ||||||
| — | θεοῦ.¶ | of God. | — | | | — | Dei | of God. | ܕܐܠܗܐ | of God. | θεοῦ | of God. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 3:8 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||