The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | Ἔλεγεν | He was saying | ελεγεν | | | dicebat | Dicebat | He was saying | ܘܐܡܪ | He was saying | Ἔλεγεν | He was saying | ||||||
| — | οὖν | therefore | — | | | egrediebantur | ergo | therefore | ܗܘܐ | therefore | οὖν | therefore | ||||||
| — | τοῖς | to the | τοις | | | a | — | — | — | — | τοῖς | to the | ||||||
| — | ἐκπορευομένοις | coming out | εκπορευομενοις | | | populi | turbas | coming out | ܠܟܢܫܐ | coming out | ἐκπορευομένοις | coming out | ||||||
| — | ὄχλοις | crowds | οχλοις | | | quis | quæ | crowds | ܐܝܠܝܢ | crowds | ὄχλοις | crowds | ||||||
| — | βαπτισθῆναι | to be baptized | βαπτισθηναι | | | in | exibant | to be baptized | ܕܐܬܝܢ | to be baptized | βαπτισθῆναι | to be baptized | ||||||
| — | ὑπ᾽ | by | — | | | conspectu | ut | by | ܗܘܘ | by | ὑπ’ | by | ||||||
| — | αὐτοῦ· | him; | αυτου | | | baptizari | baptizarentur | him; | ܠܘܬܗ | him; | αὐτοῦ | him; | ||||||
| — | γεννήματα | Offspring | γεννηματα | | | eius | ab | Offspring | ܠܡܥܡܕ | Offspring | Γεννήματα | Offspring | ||||||
| — | ἐχιδνῶν, | of vipers, | εχιδνων | | | progenies | ipso | of vipers, | ܝܠܕܐ | of vipers, | ἐχιδνῶν | of vipers, | ||||||
| — | τίς | who | τις | | | ira | Genimina | who | ܕܐܟܕܢܐ | who | τίς | who | ||||||
| — | ὑπέδειξεν | forewarned | — | | | uiperarum | viperarum | forewarned | ܡܢܘ | forewarned | ὑπέδειξεν | forewarned | ||||||
| — | ὑμῖν | you | ϋμειν | | | qui | quis | you | ܚܘܝܟܘܢ | you | ὑμῖν | you | ||||||
| — | φυγεῖν | to flee | φυγειν | | | ostendit | ostendit | to flee | ܠܡܥܪܩ | to flee | φυγεῖν | to flee | ||||||
| — | ἀπὸ | from | απο | | | uobis | vobis | from | ܡܢ | from | ἀπὸ | from | ||||||
| — | τῆς | the | της | | | fugere | — | — | — | — | τῆς | the | ||||||
| — | μελλούσης | soon coming | μελλουσης | | | autem | a | soon coming | ܪܘܓܙܐ | soon coming | μελλούσης | soon coming | ||||||
| — | ὀργῆς; | wrath? | οργης | | | uentura | ventura | wrath? | ܕܥܬܝܕ | wrath? | ὀργῆς | wrath? | ||||||
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