The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
μηP66 · P75 | Not | μὴ | Not | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | Non | Not | ܠܐ | Not | Μὴ | Not | ||||||
θαυμασησP66 · P75 | may do wonder | θαυμάσῃς | may do wonder | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | mireris | may do wonder | ܬܬܕܡܪ | may do wonder | θαυμάσῃς | may do wonder | ||||||
οτιP66 · P75 | that | ὅτι | that | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | quia | that | ܕܐܡܪܬ | that | ὅτι | that | ||||||
ειπονP66 · P75 | I said | εἶπόν | I said | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | dixi | I said | ܠܟ | I said | εἶπόν | I said | ||||||
σοιP66 · P75 | to you; | σοι· | to you; | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | tibi | to you; | ܕܘܠܐ | to you; | σοι | to you; | ||||||
δειP66 · P75 | It is necessary for | δεῖ | It is necessary for | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | oportet | It is necessary for | ܠܟܘܢ | It is necessary for | Δεῖ | It is necessary for | ||||||
υμασP66 · P75 | you all | ὑμᾶς | you all | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | vos | you all | ܠܡܬܝܠܕܘ | you all | ὑμᾶς | you all | ||||||
γεννηθηναιP66 · P75 | to be born | γεννηθῆναι | to be born | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | nasci | to be born | ܡܢ | to be born | γεννηθῆναι | to be born | ||||||
ανωθενP66 · P75 | from above. | ἄνωθεν. | from above. | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | denuo | from above. | ܕܪܝܫ | from above. | ἄνωθεν | from above. | ||||||
| Next Verse Available | Resumes at 3:26 | ||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||