The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | et | Et | and | ܘܕܢܗܘܘܢ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | ἔχειν | to have | — | | | dedit | dedit | to have | ܫܠܝܛܝܢ | to have | ἔχειν | to have | ||||||
| — | ἐξουσίαν | authority | εξουσιαν | | | illis | illis | authority | — | — | ἐξουσίαν | authority | ||||||
| — | θεραπεύειν | to heal | θεραπευειν | | | potestatem | potestatem | to heal | ܕܢܐܤܘܢ | to heal | θεραπεύειν | to heal | ||||||
| — | τὰς | <the> | τας | | | ualetudinems | — | — | — | — | τὰς | <the> | ||||||
| — | νόσους | diseases | νοσους | | | curandi | curandi | diseases | ܟܪܝܗܐ | diseases | νόσους | diseases | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | — | infirmitates | and | — | — | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | ἐκβάλλειν | to cast out | εκβαλλειν | | | et | et | to cast out | ܘܢܦܩܘܢ | to cast out | ἐκβάλλειν | to cast out | ||||||
| — | τὰ | <the> | τα | | | eiciendi | — | — | — | — | τὰ | <the> | ||||||
| — | δαιμόνια. | demons. | δαιμονια | | | daemonia | ejiciendi | demons. | ܕܝܘܐ | demons. | δαιμόνια | demons. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Mark 4:33 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||