The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | And | και | | | tu | Tu | And | ܘܤܓܝ | And | Καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | πολλὰ | much | πολλα | | | es | es | much | — | — | πολλὰ | much | ||||||
| — | ἐπετίμα | He was rebuking | επετειμα | | | filius | Filius | He was rebuking | ܟܐܐ | He was rebuking | ἐπετίμα | He was rebuking | ||||||
| — | αὐτοῖς | them | αυτοις | | | dei | Dei | them | ܗܘܐ | them | αὐτοῖς | them | ||||||
| — | ἵνα | so that | ϊνα | | | et | Et | so that | — | — | ἵνα | so that | ||||||
| — | μὴ | not | μη | | | multa | vehementer | not | ܒܗܘܢ | not | μὴ | not | ||||||
| — | αὐτὸν | Him | αυτον | | | comminabatur | comminabatur | Him | ܕܠܐ | Him | φανερὸν | Him | ||||||
| — | φανερὸν | known | φανερον | | | eis | eis | known | — | — | αὐτὸν | known | ||||||
| — | ποιήσωσιν.¶ | they may make. | — | | | — | ne | they may make. | ܢܓܠܘܢܝܗܝ | they may make. | ποιήσωσιν | they may make. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Mark 4:33 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||