The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܐܝܠܝܢ | And | Καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | τὰ | the | — | | | sps | — | — | — | — | τὰ | the | ||||||
| — | πνεύματα | spirits | πνα | | | — | — | — | ܕܐܝܬ | spirits | πνεύματα | spirits | ||||||
| — | τὰ | <the> | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὰ | <the> | ||||||
| — | ἀκάθαρτα, | unclean, | ακαθαρτα | | | — | spiritus | unclean, | ܗܘܝ | unclean, | ἀκάθαρτα | unclean, | ||||||
| — | ὅταν | whenever | οταν | | | immundi | immundi | whenever | ܠܗܘܢ | whenever | ὅταν | whenever | ||||||
| — | αὐτὸν | Him | αυτον | | | — | — | — | ܡܚܘܬܐ | Him | αὐτὸν | Him | ||||||
| — | ἐθεώρουν, | they were seeing | εθεωρουν | | | cum | cum | they were seeing | ܕܪܘܚܐ | they were seeing | ἐθεώρει | they were seeing | ||||||
| — | προσέπιπτον | they were falling down | προσεπιπτον | | | illum | illum | they were falling down | ܛܢܦܬܐ | they were falling down | προσέπιπτεν | they were falling down | ||||||
| — | αὐτῷ | before Him | αυτω | | | — | — | — | ܡܐ | before Him | αὐτῷ | before Him | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | uideret | videbant | and | ܕܚܙܐܘܗܝ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | ἔκραζον | they were crying out | εκραζον | | | procedebant | procidebant | they were crying out | ܢܦܠܝܢ | they were crying out | ἔκραζεν | they were crying out | ||||||
| — | λέγοντες | saying | λεγοντες | | | — | — | — | ܗܘܘ | saying | λέγοντα | saying | ||||||
| — | ὅτι | that | — | | | ei | ei | that | ܘܩܥܝܢ | that | ὅτι | that | ||||||
| — | σὺ | You yourself | συ | | | et | et | You yourself | ܘܐܡܪܝܢ | You yourself | Σὺ | You yourself | ||||||
| — | εἶ | are | ει | | | — | — | — | ܐܢܬ | are | εἶ | are | ||||||
| — | ὁ | the | ο | | | — | — | — | — | — | ὁ | the | ||||||
| — | υἱὸς | Son | ϋιος | | | — | clamabant | Son | ܗܘ | Son | υἱὸς | Son | ||||||
| — | τοῦ | <the> | του | | | exclamabant | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | <the> | ||||||
| — | θεοῦ. | of God. | θυ | | | dicentes | dicentes | of God. | ܒܪܗ | of God. | θεοῦ | of God. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Mark 4:33 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||