The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
αποκριθεισP4 | Answering | ἀποκριθεὶς | Answering | αποκριθεις | | | respondens | Respondens | Answering | ܥܢܐ | Answering | Ἀποκριθεὶς | Answering | |||||
δεP4 | now | δὲ | now | δε | | | autem | autem | now | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | now | |||||
ελεγενP4 | he was saying | ἔλεγεν | he was saying | — | | | dixit | dicebat | he was saying | ܠܗܘܢ | he was saying | λέγει | he was saying | |||||
αυτοισP4 | to them; | αὐτοῖς· | to them; | αυτοις | | | illis | illis | to them; | ܡܢ | to them; | αὐτοῖς | to them; | |||||
οP4 | The one | ὁ | The one | ο | | | similiter | — | — | — | — | Ὁ | The one | |||||
εχωνP4 | having | ἔχων | having | εχων | | | qui | Qui | having | ܠܗ | having | ἔχων | having | |||||
χιτωνασP4 | two | δύο | two | δυο | | | habet | habet | two | ܬܪܬܝܢ | two | δύο | two | |||||
μεταδοτωP4 | tunics | χιτῶνας | tunics | χιτω’νας | | | duas | duas | tunics | ܟܘܬܝܢܝܢ | tunics | χιτῶνας | tunics | |||||
τωP4 | he should impart | μεταδότω | he should impart | μεταδοτω | | | tunicas | tunicas | he should impart | ܢܬܠ | he should impart | μεταδότω | he should impart | |||||
μηP4 | to the one | τῷ | to the one | τω | | | faciat | — | — | — | — | τῷ | to the one | |||||
εχοντιP4 | none | μὴ | none | μη | | | det | det | none | ܕܠܝܬ | none | μὴ | none | |||||
καιP4 | having | ἔχοντι | having | εχοντι | | | non | non | having | ܠܗ | having | ἔχοντι | having | |||||
οP4 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | habentei | habenti | and | ܘܡܢ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
εχωνP4 | the one | ὁ | the one | ο | | | — | — | — | — | — | ὁ | the one | |||||
βρωματαP4 | having | ἔχων | having | εχων | | | et | et | having | ܠܗ | having | ἔχων | having | |||||
ομοιωσP4 | food | βρώματα | food | βρωματα | | | qui | qui | food | ܤܝܒܪܬܐ | food | βρώματα | food | |||||
ποιειτωP4 | likewise | ὁμοίως | likewise | ομοιως | | | habet | habet | likewise | ܗܟܢܐ | likewise | ὁμοίως | likewise | |||||
ποιείτω.¶P4 | he should do. | ποιείτω.¶ | he should do. | ποιειτω | | | escas | escas | he should do. | ܢܥܒܕ | he should do. | ποιείτω | he should do. | |||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||