The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
αμηνP66 · P75 | Amen | ἀμὴν | Amen | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | Amen | Amen | ܐܡܝܢ | truly | Ἀμὴν | Amen | ||||||
αμηνP66 · P75 | Amen | ἀμὴν | Amen | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | amen | Amen | ܐܡܝܢ | truly | ἀμὴν | Amen | ||||||
λεγωP66 · P75 | I say | λέγω | I say | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | dico | I say | ܐܡܪ | I say | λέγω | I say | ||||||
σοιP66 · P75 | to you | σοι | to you | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | tibi | to you | ܐܢܐ | to you | σοι | to you | ||||||
οτιP66 · P75 | that | ὅτι | that | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | quia | that | ܠܟ | that | ὅτι | that | ||||||
οP66 · P75 | what | ὃ | what | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | — | — | — | — | ὃ | what | ||||||
οιδαμενP66 · P75 | we know | οἴδαμεν | we know | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | scimus | we know | ܕܝܕܥܝܢ | we know | οἴδαμεν | we know | ||||||
λαλουμενP66 · P75 | we speak | λαλοῦμεν | we speak | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | loquimur | we speak | ܚܢܢ | we speak | λαλοῦμεν | we speak | ||||||
οP66 · P75 | and | καὶ | and | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | et | and | ܡܡܠܠܝܢ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
εωρακαμενP66 · P75 | what | ὃ | what | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | — | — | — | — | ὃ | what | ||||||
μαρτυρουμενP66 · P75 | we have seen | ἑωράκαμεν | we have seen | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | vidimus | we have seen | ܘܡܕܡ | we have seen | ἑωράκαμεν | we have seen | ||||||
τηνP66 · P75 | we bear witness to, | μαρτυροῦμεν, | we bear witness to, | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | testamur | we bear witness to, | ܕܚܙܝܢ | we bear witness to, | μαρτυροῦμεν | we bear witness to, | ||||||
μαρτυριανP66 · P75 | and | καὶ | and | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | et | and | ܡܤܗܕܝܢ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
ημωνP66 · P75 | the | τὴν | the | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | — | — | — | — | τὴν | the | ||||||
ουP66 · P75 | witness | μαρτυρίαν | witness | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | testimonium | witness | ܘܤܗܕܘܬܢ | witness | μαρτυρίαν | witness | ||||||
λαμβανεταιP66 · P75 | of us | ἡμῶν | of us | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | nostrum | of us | ܠܐ | of us | ἡμῶν | of us | ||||||
οὐP66 · P75 | not | οὐ | not | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | non | not | ܡܩܒܠܝܢ | not | οὐ | not | ||||||
λαμβάνετε.P66 · P75 | you people receive. | λαμβάνετε. | you people receive. | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | accipitis | you people receive. | ܐܢܬܘܢ | you people receive. | λαμβάνετε | you people receive. | ||||||
| Next Verse Available | Resumes at 3:26 | ||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||