The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | δραμὼν | Having run | — | | | et | Currens | Having run | ܪܗܛ | Having run | Δραμὼν | Having run | ||||||
| — | δέ | then | — | | | plena | autem | then | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | then | ||||||
| — | τις | someone | — | | | unus | unus | someone | ܚܕ | someone | εἷς | someone | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | — | — | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | γεμίσας | having filled | — | | | et | implens | having filled | ܘܡܠܐ | having filled | γεμίσας | having filled | ||||||
| — | σπόγγον | a sponge | — | | | spongia | spongiam | a sponge | ܐܤܦܘܓܐ | a sponge | σπόγγον | a sponge | ||||||
| — | ὄξους, | with vinegar, | οξους | | | aceto | aceto | with vinegar, | ܚܠܐ | with vinegar, | ὄξους | with vinegar, | ||||||
| — | περιθεὶς | having put | — | | | helias | circumponensque | having put | ܘܐܤܪ | having put | περιθείς | having put | ||||||
| — | τε | both | — | | | et | calamo | both | ܒܩܢܝܐ | both | τε | both | ||||||
| — | καλάμῳ | on a reed | καλαμω | | | potum | potum | on a reed | — | — | καλάμῳ | on a reed | ||||||
| — | ἐπότιζεν | was giving to drink | — | | | dabat | dabat | was giving to drink | ܕܢܫܩܝܘܗܝ | was giving to drink | ἐπότιζεν | was giving to drink | ||||||
| — | αὐτόν | him | — | | | ei | ei | him | ܘܐܡܪܘ | him | αὐτόν | him | ||||||
| — | λέγων· | saying; | — | | | dicens | dicens | saying; | ܫܒܘܩܘ | saying; | λέγων | saying; | ||||||
| — | ἄφετε, | Wait! | — | | | sine | Sinite | Wait! | ܢܚܙܐ | Wait! | Ἄφετε | Wait! | ||||||
| — | ἴδωμεν | let us see | ειδωμεν | | | uideamus | videamus | let us see | ܐܢ | let us see | ἴδωμεν | let us see | ||||||
| — | εἰ | if | ει | | | si | si | if | ܐܬܐ | if | εἰ | if | ||||||
| — | ἔρχεται | comes | ερχεται | | | uenit | veniat | comes | — | — | ἔρχεται | comes | ||||||
| — | Ἠλίας | Elijah | ηλιας | | | eum | Elias | Elijah | ܐܠܝܐ | Elijah | Ἠλίας | Elijah | ||||||
| — | καθελεῖν | to take down | καθελιν | | | adcurrit | ad | to take down | ܡܚܬ | to take down | καθελεῖν | to take down | ||||||
| — | αὐτόν. | him. | αυτον | | | deponit | deponendum | him. | ܠܗ | him. | αὐτόν | him. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 1:54 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||