Urevangelium

Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.

Translation Lineage

Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.

Greek Papyri			Alexandrian		Western			Latin		Syriac		Byzantine
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT			Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT		Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin			Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker		Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith		Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT
		—	καὶ	And	και	\|	et	Et	And	ܘܒܬܫܥ	And	Καὶ	And
		—	τῇ	on the	τη	\|	heli	—	—	—	—	τῇ	on the
		—	ἐνάτῃ	ninth	ενατη	\|	hora	hora	ninth	ܫܥܝܢ	ninth	ὥρᾳ	ninth
		—	τῇ	<the>	—	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τῇ	<the>
		—	ὥρᾳ	hour	ωρα	\|	nona	nona	hour	—	—	ἐνάτῃ	hour
		—	ἐβόησεν	cried out	—	\|	exclamauit	exclamavit	cried out	ܩܥܐ	cried out	ἐβόησεν	cried out
		—	ὁ	<the>	—	\|	—	—	—	—	—	ὁ	<the>
		—	Ἰησοῦς	Jesus	—	\|	heli	Jesus	Jesus	ܝܫܘܥ	Jesus	Ἰησοῦς	Jesus
		—	φωνῇ	in a voice	φωνη	\|	uoce	voce	in a voice	—	—	φωνῇ	in a voice
		—	μεγάλῃ	loud	μεγαλη	\|	magna	magna	loud	ܒܩܠܐ	loud	μεγάλῃ	loud
		—	λέγων·	saying:	—	\|	—	dicens	saying:	ܪܡܐ	saying:	λέγων	saying:
		—	ελωι	Eloi	—	\|	—	Eloi	Eloi	—	—	Ἐλωΐ	Eloi
		—	ελωι,	Eloi,	—	\|	zaphthani	eloi	Eloi,	ܘܐܡܪ	Eloi,	Ἐλωΐ	Eloi,
		—	λεμα	lema	—	\|	lama	lamma	lema	ܐܝܠ	lema	λιμὰ	lema
		—	σαβαχθανι;	sabachthani?	—	\|	—	sabacthani	sabachthani?	—	—	σαβαχθανί	sabachthani?
		—	ὅ	Which	ο	\|	quod	—	—	—	—	Ὅ	Which
		—	ἐστιν	is	εστιν	\|	est	est	is	ܠܡܢܐ	is	ἐστιν	is
		—	μεθερμηνευόμενον·	being translated;	μεθερμηνευομενον	\|	interpratatum	interpretatum	being translated;	—	—	μεθερμηνευόμενον	being translated;
		—	ὁ	O	ο	\|	—	—	—	—	—	Ὁ	O
		—	θεός	God	—	\|	ds	Deus	God	ܫܒܩܬܢܝ	God	θεός	God
		—	μου	of Mine	μου	\|	meus	meus	of Mine	ܕܐܝܬܝܗ	of Mine	μου	of Mine
		—	ὁ	O	ο	\|	—	—	—	—	—	ὁ	O
		—	θεός	God	—	\|	—	Deus	God	—	—	θεός	God
		—	μου,	of Mine,	μου	\|	meus	meus	of Mine,	ܐܠܗܝ	of Mine,	μου	of Mine,
		—	εἰς	to	εις	\|	ut	ut	to	ܐܠܗܝ	to	εἰς	to
		—	τί	why	τι	\|	quid	quid	why	—	—	τί	why
		—	ἐγκατέλιπές	have You forsaken	—	\|	dereliquisti	dereliquisti	have You forsaken	ܠܡܢܐ	have You forsaken	με	have You forsaken
		—	με;	Me	με	\|	ds	me	Me	ܫܒܩܬܢܝ	Me	ἐγκατέλιπες	Me
	Next Fragment: Luke 1:54
	See 65 Earliest Papyri

Trace Your New Testament Back to the Gospel Sources

See how the Four Gospels in the Bible you read today connect to the Greek, Latin, Syriac, and Byzantine witnesses shown above.

Alexandrian	Western	Latin	Byzantine
	—	καὶ	And	και	\|	et	Et	And	ܘܒܬܫܥ	And	Καὶ	And
	—	τῇ	on the	τη	\|	heli	—	—	—	—	τῇ	on the
	—	ἐνάτῃ	ninth	ενατη	\|	hora	hora	ninth	ܫܥܝܢ	ninth	ὥρᾳ	ninth
	—	τῇ	<the>	—	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τῇ	<the>
	—	ὥρᾳ	hour	ωρα	\|	nona	nona	hour	—	—	ἐνάτῃ	hour
	—	ἐβόησεν	cried out	—	\|	exclamauit	exclamavit	cried out	ܩܥܐ	cried out	ἐβόησεν	cried out
	—	ὁ	<the>	—	\|	—	—	—	—	—	ὁ	<the>
	—	Ἰησοῦς	Jesus	—	\|	heli	Jesus	Jesus	ܝܫܘܥ	Jesus	Ἰησοῦς	Jesus
	—	φωνῇ	in a voice	φωνη	\|	uoce	voce	in a voice	—	—	φωνῇ	in a voice
	—	μεγάλῃ	loud	μεγαλη	\|	magna	magna	loud	ܒܩܠܐ	loud	μεγάλῃ	loud
	—	λέγων·	saying:	—	\|	—	dicens	saying:	ܪܡܐ	saying:	λέγων	saying:
	—	ελωι	Eloi	—	\|	—	Eloi	Eloi	—	—	Ἐλωΐ	Eloi
	—	ελωι,	Eloi,	—	\|	zaphthani	eloi	Eloi,	ܘܐܡܪ	Eloi,	Ἐλωΐ	Eloi,
	—	λεμα	lema	—	\|	lama	lamma	lema	ܐܝܠ	lema	λιμὰ	lema
	—	σαβαχθανι;	sabachthani?	—	\|	—	sabacthani	sabachthani?	—	—	σαβαχθανί	sabachthani?
	—	ὅ	Which	ο	\|	quod	—	—	—	—	Ὅ	Which
	—	ἐστιν	is	εστιν	\|	est	est	is	ܠܡܢܐ	is	ἐστιν	is
	—	μεθερμηνευόμενον·	being translated;	μεθερμηνευομενον	\|	interpratatum	interpretatum	being translated;	—	—	μεθερμηνευόμενον	being translated;
	—	ὁ	O	ο	\|	—	—	—	—	—	Ὁ	O
	—	θεός	God	—	\|	ds	Deus	God	ܫܒܩܬܢܝ	God	θεός	God
	—	μου	of Mine	μου	\|	meus	meus	of Mine	ܕܐܝܬܝܗ	of Mine	μου	of Mine
	—	ὁ	O	ο	\|	—	—	—	—	—	ὁ	O
	—	θεός	God	—	\|	—	Deus	God	—	—	θεός	God
	—	μου,	of Mine,	μου	\|	meus	meus	of Mine,	ܐܠܗܝ	of Mine,	μου	of Mine,
	—	εἰς	to	εις	\|	ut	ut	to	ܐܠܗܝ	to	εἰς	to
	—	τί	why	τι	\|	quid	quid	why	—	—	τί	why
	—	ἐγκατέλιπές	have You forsaken	—	\|	dereliquisti	dereliquisti	have You forsaken	ܠܡܢܐ	have You forsaken	με	have You forsaken
	—	με;	Me	με	\|	ds	me	Me	ܫܒܩܬܢܝ	Me	ἐγκατέλιπες	Me
Next Fragment: Luke 1:54
See 65 Earliest Papyri

Greek Papyri

Alexandrian

Western

Latin

Syriac

Byzantine

Earliest Papyri

c. 125–250 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Vaticanus

c. 325 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Bezae

c. 400 CE · Greek

Latin

Vulgate

c. 400 CE · Latin

Whitaker

Peshitta

c. 400–450 CE · Syriac

PayneSmith

Byzantine

c. 5th–9th c. · Greek

TAGNT

—

καὶ

And

και

And

ܘܒܬܫܥ

And

Καὶ

And

—

τῇ

on the

τη

heli

—

τῇ

on the

—

ἐνάτῃ

ninth

ενατη

hora

ninth

ܫܥܝܢ

ninth

ὥρᾳ

ninth

—

τῇ

<the>

—

τῇ

<the>

—

ὥρᾳ

hour

ωρα

nona

hour

—

ἐνάτῃ

hour

—

ἐβόησεν

cried out

—

exclamauit

exclamavit

cried out

ܩܥܐ

cried out

ἐβόησεν

cried out

—

ὁ

<the>

—

ὁ

<the>

—

Ἰησοῦς

Jesus

—

heli

Jesus

ܝܫܘܥ

Jesus

Ἰησοῦς

Jesus

—

φωνῇ

in a voice

φωνη

uoce

voce

in a voice

—

φωνῇ

in a voice

—

μεγάλῃ

loud

μεγαλη

magna

loud

ܒܩܠܐ

loud

μεγάλῃ

loud

—

λέγων·

saying:

—

dicens

saying:

ܪܡܐ

saying:

λέγων

saying:

—

ελωι

Eloi

—

Eloi

—

Ἐλωΐ

Eloi

—

ελωι,

Eloi,

—

zaphthani

eloi

Eloi,

ܘܐܡܪ

Eloi,

Ἐλωΐ

Eloi,

—

λεμα

lema

—

lama

lamma

lema

ܐܝܠ

lema

λιμὰ

lema

—

σαβαχθανι;

sabachthani?

—

sabacthani

sabachthani?

—

σαβαχθανί

sabachthani?

—

ὅ

Which

quod

—

Ὅ

Which

—

ἐστιν

εστιν

est

ܠܡܢܐ

ἐστιν

—

μεθερμηνευόμενον·

being translated;

μεθερμηνευομενον

interpratatum

interpretatum

being translated;

—

μεθερμηνευόμενον

being translated;

—

ὁ

—

Ὁ

—

θεός

God

—

Deus

God

ܫܒܩܬܢܝ

God

θεός

God

—

μου

of Mine

μου

meus

of Mine

ܕܐܝܬܝܗ

of Mine

μου

of Mine

—

ὁ

—

ὁ

—

θεός

God

—

Deus

God

—

θεός

God

—

μου,

of Mine,

μου

meus

of Mine,

ܐܠܗܝ

of Mine,

μου

of Mine,

—

εἰς

εις

ܐܠܗܝ

εἰς

—

τί

why

τι

quid

why

—

τί

why

—

ἐγκατέλιπές

have You forsaken

—

dereliquisti

have You forsaken

ܠܡܢܐ

have You forsaken

με

have You forsaken

—

με;

με

ܫܒܩܬܢܝ

ἐγκατέλιπες

Next Fragment: Luke 1:54

See 65 Earliest Papyri

Mark 15:34

Translation Lineage

Urevangelium

Mark 15:34

Translation Lineage