The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | οἱ | <the> | οι | | | principes | — | — | — | — | Οἱ | <the> | ||||||
| — | δὲ | But | δε | | | — | Pontifices | But | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | But | ||||||
| — | ἀρχιερεῖς | the chief priests | αρχιερεις | | | uero | autem | the chief priests | ܟܗܢܐ | the chief priests | ἀρχιερεῖς | the chief priests | ||||||
| — | ἀνέσεισαν | stirred up | — | | | sacerdotum | concitaverunt | stirred up | ܕܝܢ | stirred up | ἀνέσεισαν | stirred up | ||||||
| — | τὸν | the | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὸν | the | ||||||
| — | ὄχλον | crowd | — | | | turbas | turbam | crowd | ܝܬܝܪܐܝܬ | crowd | ὄχλον | crowd | ||||||
| — | ἵνα | so that | ϊνα | | | ut | ut | so that | ܚܦܛܘ | so that | ἵνα | so that | ||||||
| — | μᾶλλον | instead | μαλλον | | | magis | magis | instead | ܠܟܢܫܐ | instead | μᾶλλον | instead | ||||||
| — | τὸν | <the> | — | | | suaserunt | — | — | — | — | τὸν | <the> | ||||||
| — | Βαραββᾶν | Barabbas | βαραββαν | | | barabbam | Barabbam | Barabbas | ܕܠܒܪ | Barabbas | Βαραββᾶν | Barabbas | ||||||
| — | ἀπολύσῃ | he may release | απολυση | | | dimitteret | dimitteret | he may release | ܐܒܐ | he may release | ἀπολύσῃ | he may release | ||||||
| — | αὐτοῖς.¶ | to them. | αυτοις | | | eis | eis | to them. | ܢܫܪܐ | to them. | αὐτοῖς | to them. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 1:54 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||