Urevangelium

Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.

Translation Lineage

Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.

Greek Papyri			Alexandrian		Western			Latin		Syriac		Byzantine
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT			Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT		Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin			Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker		Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith		Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT
		—	ὁ	<the>	ο	\|	ad	—	—	—	—	Ὁ	<the>
		—	δὲ	But	δε	\|	—	At	But	ܕܝܢ	but	δὲ	But
		—	ἠρνήσατο	he denied it	ηρνησατο	\|	ille	ille	he denied it	ܕܝܢ	he denied it	ἠρνήσατο	he denied it
		—	λέγων·	saying;	λεγων	\|	negauit	negavit	saying;	ܟܦܪ	saying;	λέγων	saying;
		—	οὔτε	Neither	ουτε	\|	dicens	dicens	Neither	—	—	Οὐκ	Neither
		—	οἶδα	I know	οιδα	\|	neque	Neque	I know	ܘܐܡܪ	I know	οἶδα	I know
		—	οὔτε	nor even	ουτε	\|	scio	scio	nor even	ܠܐ	nor even	οὐδὲ	nor even
		—	ἐπίσταμαι	understand	—	\|	neque	neque	understand	ܝܕܥ	understand	ἐπίσταμαι	understand
		—	σὺ	you yourself	—	\|	noui	novi	you yourself	ܐܢܐ	you yourself	τί	you yourself
		—	τί	what	τι	\|	quid	quid	what	—	—	σὺ	what
		—	λέγεις.	say.	λεγεις	\|	dicis	dicas	say.	ܡܢܐ	say.	λέγεις	say.
		—	καὶ	And	—	\|	et	Et	And	ܐܡܪܐ	And	Καὶ	And
		—	ἐξῆλθεν	he went forth	εξηλθεν	\|	exiit	exiit	he went forth	ܐܢܬܝ	he went forth	ἐξῆλθεν	he went forth
		—	ἔξω	out	εξω	\|	foras	foras	out	ܘܢܦܩ	out	ἔξω	out
		—	εἰς	into	εις	\|	ante	ante	into	ܠܒܪ	into	εἰς	into
		—	τὸ	the	—	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τὸ	the
		—	προαύλιον,	porch,	—	\|	atrium	atrium	porch,	—	—	προαύλιον	porch,
		—	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	ܠܤܦܐ	and	καὶ	and
		—	ἀλέκτωρ	the rooster	αλεκτωρ	\|	gallus	gallus	the rooster	ܘܩܪܐ	the rooster	ἀλέκτωρ	the rooster
		—	ἐφώνησεν.	crowed.	εφωνησεν	\|	cantauit	cantavit	crowed.	ܬܪܢܓܠܐ	crowed.	ἐφώνησεν	crowed.
	Next Fragment: Luke 1:54
	See 65 Earliest Papyri

Trace Your New Testament Back to the Gospel Sources

See how the Four Gospels in the Bible you read today connect to the Greek, Latin, Syriac, and Byzantine witnesses shown above.

Alexandrian	Western	Latin	Byzantine
	—	ὁ	<the>	ο	\|	ad	—	—	—	—	Ὁ	<the>
	—	δὲ	But	δε	\|	—	At	But	ܕܝܢ	but	δὲ	But
	—	ἠρνήσατο	he denied it	ηρνησατο	\|	ille	ille	he denied it	ܕܝܢ	he denied it	ἠρνήσατο	he denied it
	—	λέγων·	saying;	λεγων	\|	negauit	negavit	saying;	ܟܦܪ	saying;	λέγων	saying;
	—	οὔτε	Neither	ουτε	\|	dicens	dicens	Neither	—	—	Οὐκ	Neither
	—	οἶδα	I know	οιδα	\|	neque	Neque	I know	ܘܐܡܪ	I know	οἶδα	I know
	—	οὔτε	nor even	ουτε	\|	scio	scio	nor even	ܠܐ	nor even	οὐδὲ	nor even
	—	ἐπίσταμαι	understand	—	\|	neque	neque	understand	ܝܕܥ	understand	ἐπίσταμαι	understand
	—	σὺ	you yourself	—	\|	noui	novi	you yourself	ܐܢܐ	you yourself	τί	you yourself
	—	τί	what	τι	\|	quid	quid	what	—	—	σὺ	what
	—	λέγεις.	say.	λεγεις	\|	dicis	dicas	say.	ܡܢܐ	say.	λέγεις	say.
	—	καὶ	And	—	\|	et	Et	And	ܐܡܪܐ	And	Καὶ	And
	—	ἐξῆλθεν	he went forth	εξηλθεν	\|	exiit	exiit	he went forth	ܐܢܬܝ	he went forth	ἐξῆλθεν	he went forth
	—	ἔξω	out	εξω	\|	foras	foras	out	ܘܢܦܩ	out	ἔξω	out
	—	εἰς	into	εις	\|	ante	ante	into	ܠܒܪ	into	εἰς	into
	—	τὸ	the	—	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τὸ	the
	—	προαύλιον,	porch,	—	\|	atrium	atrium	porch,	—	—	προαύλιον	porch,
	—	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	ܠܤܦܐ	and	καὶ	and
	—	ἀλέκτωρ	the rooster	αλεκτωρ	\|	gallus	gallus	the rooster	ܘܩܪܐ	the rooster	ἀλέκτωρ	the rooster
	—	ἐφώνησεν.	crowed.	εφωνησεν	\|	cantauit	cantavit	crowed.	ܬܪܢܓܠܐ	crowed.	ἐφώνησεν	crowed.
Next Fragment: Luke 1:54
See 65 Earliest Papyri

Greek Papyri

Alexandrian

Western

Latin

Syriac

Byzantine

Earliest Papyri

c. 125–250 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Vaticanus

c. 325 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Bezae

c. 400 CE · Greek

Latin

Vulgate

c. 400 CE · Latin

Whitaker

Peshitta

c. 400–450 CE · Syriac

PayneSmith

Byzantine

c. 5th–9th c. · Greek

TAGNT

—

ὁ

<the>

—

Ὁ

<the>

—

δὲ

But

δε

—

But

ܕܝܢ

but

δὲ

But

—

ἠρνήσατο

he denied it

ηρνησατο

ille

he denied it

ܕܝܢ

he denied it

ἠρνήσατο

he denied it

—

λέγων·

saying;

λεγων

negauit

negavit

saying;

ܟܦܪ

saying;

λέγων

saying;

—

οὔτε

Neither

ουτε

dicens

Neither

—

Οὐκ

Neither

—

οἶδα

I know

οιδα

neque

Neque

I know

ܘܐܡܪ

I know

οἶδα

I know

—

οὔτε

nor even

ουτε

scio

nor even

ܠܐ

nor even

οὐδὲ

nor even

—

ἐπίσταμαι

understand

—

neque

understand

ܝܕܥ

understand

ἐπίσταμαι

understand

—

σὺ

you yourself

—

noui

novi

you yourself

ܐܢܐ

you yourself

τί

you yourself

—

τί

what

τι

quid

what

—

σὺ

what

—

λέγεις.

say.

λεγεις

dicis

dicas

say.

ܡܢܐ

say.

λέγεις

say.

—

καὶ

And

—

And

ܐܡܪܐ

And

Καὶ

And

—

ἐξῆλθεν

he went forth

εξηλθεν

exiit

he went forth

ܐܢܬܝ

he went forth

ἐξῆλθεν

he went forth

—

ἔξω

out

εξω

foras

out

ܘܢܦܩ

out

ἔξω

out

—

εἰς

into

εις

ante

into

ܠܒܪ

into

εἰς

into

—

τὸ

the

—

τὸ

the

—

προαύλιον,

porch,

—

atrium

porch,

—

προαύλιον

porch,

—

καὶ

and

και

and

ܠܤܦܐ

and

καὶ

and

—

ἀλέκτωρ

the rooster

αλεκτωρ

gallus

the rooster

ܘܩܪܐ

the rooster

ἀλέκτωρ

the rooster

—

ἐφώνησεν.

crowed.

εφωνησεν

cantauit

cantavit

crowed.

ܬܪܢܓܠܐ

crowed.

ἐφώνησεν

crowed.

Next Fragment: Luke 1:54

See 65 Earliest Papyri

Mark 14:68

Translation Lineage

Urevangelium

Mark 14:68

Translation Lineage