The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܚܙܬܗ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | ἰδοῦσα | having seen | ειδουσα | | | cum | cum | having seen | ܕܫܚܢ | having seen | ἰδοῦσα | having seen | ||||||
| — | τὸν | <the> | τον | | | nazoreno | — | — | — | — | τὸν | <the> | ||||||
| — | Πέτρον | Peter | πετρον | | | uidisset | vidisset | Peter | ܘܚܪܬ | Peter | Πέτρον | Peter | ||||||
| — | θερμαινόμενον, | warming himself, | — | | | petrum | Petrum | warming himself, | ܒܗ | warming himself, | θερμαινόμενον | warming himself, | ||||||
| — | ἐμβλέψασα | having looked | — | | | calefacientem | calefacientem | having looked | ܘܐܡܪܐ | having looked | ἐμβλέψασα | having looked | ||||||
| — | αὐτῷ | at him | — | | | se | se | at him | ܠܗ | at him | αὐτῷ | at him | ||||||
| — | λέγει· | she says; | λεγει | | | aspiciens | aspiciens | she says; | — | — | λέγει | she says; | ||||||
| — | καὶ | Also | — | | | illi | illum | Also | ܘܐܦ | Also | Καὶ | Also | ||||||
| — | σὺ | you yourself | συ | | | ait | ait | you yourself | ܐܢܬ | you yourself | σὺ | you yourself | ||||||
| — | μετὰ | with | μετα | | | et | Et | with | ܥܡ | with | μετὰ | with | ||||||
| — | τοῦ | the | του | | | eras | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | the | ||||||
| — | Ναζαρηνοῦ | Nazarene | — | | | tu | tu | Nazarene | ܝܫܘܥ | Nazarene | Ναζαρηνοῦ | Nazarene | ||||||
| — | ἦσθα | you were | — | | | cum | cum | you were | ܗܘܝܬ | you were | Ἰησοῦ | you were | ||||||
| — | τοῦ | <the> | — | | | ihu | — | — | — | — | ἦσθα | <the> | ||||||
| — | Ἰησοῦ. | Jesus. | ιηυ | | | — | Jesu | Jesus. | ܢܨܪܝܐ | Jesus. | Ἰησοῦ. | Jesus. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 1:54 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||