The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | Καί | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܐܢܫܝܢ | And | Καί | And | ||||||
| — | τινες | some | — | | | alii | quidam | some | ܕܝܢ | some | τινες | some | ||||||
| — | ἀναστάντες | having risen up | ανασταντες | | | surgentes | surgentes | having risen up | ܩܡܘ | having risen up | ἀναστάντες | having risen up | ||||||
| — | ἐψευδομαρτύρουν | were bearing false testimony | εψευδομαρτυρουν | | | falsum | falsum | were bearing false testimony | ܥܠܘܗܝ | were bearing false testimony | ἐψευδομαρτύρουν | were bearing false testimony | ||||||
| — | κατ᾽ | against | κατ | | | testimonium | testimonium | against | ܤܗܕܐ | against | κατ’ | against | ||||||
| — | αὐτοῦ | Him | αυτου | | | dicebant | ferebant | Him | ܕܫܘܩܪܐ | Him | αὐτοῦ | Him | ||||||
| — | λέγοντες | saying | — | | | aduersum | adversus | saying | ܘܐܡܪܘ | saying | λέγοντες | saying | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 1:54 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||