The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | πολλοὶ | Many | πολλοι | | | multi | Multi | Many | ܟܕ | Many | Πολλοὶ | Many | ||||||
| — | γὰρ | for | γαρ | | | enim | enim | for | ܓܝܪ | for | γὰρ | for | ||||||
| — | ἐψευδομαρτύρουν | were bearing false testimony | εψευδομαρτυρουν | | | testimonium | testimonium | were bearing false testimony | ܓܝܪ | were bearing false testimony | ἐψευδομαρτύρουν | were bearing false testimony | ||||||
| — | κατ᾽ | against | κατ | | | falsum | falsum | against | ܡܤܗܕܝܢ | against | κατ’ | against | ||||||
| — | αὐτοῦ, | Him, | αυτου | | | dicebant | dicebant | Him, | ܗܘܘ | Him, | αὐτοῦ | Him, | ||||||
| — | καὶ | but | και | | | aduersus | adversus | but | ܥܠܘܗܝ | but | καὶ | but | ||||||
| — | ἴσαι | alike | εισαι | | | eum | eum | alike | ܠܐ | alike | ἴσαι | alike | ||||||
| — | αἱ | their | αι | | | et | — | — | — | — | αἱ | their | ||||||
| — | μαρτυρίαι | testimonies | μαρτυριαι | | | conuenientia | convenientia | testimonies | ܫܘܝܢ | testimonies | μαρτυρίαι | testimonies | ||||||
| — | οὐκ | not | ουκ | | | testimonia | testimonia | not | ܗܘܝ | not | οὐκ | not | ||||||
| — | ἦσαν.¶ | were. | ησαν | | | non | non | were. | ܤܗܕܘܬܗܘܢ | were. | ἦσαν | were. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 1:54 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||