The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܒܪ | And | Καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | ἐλθὼν | having arrived | — | | | illi | cum | having arrived | — | — | ἐλθών | having arrived | ||||||
| — | εὐθὺς | immediately | — | | | — | venisset | immediately | ܫܥܬܗ | immediately | εὐθέως | immediately | ||||||
| — | προσελθὼν | having come up | προσελθων | | | — | statim | having come up | ܩܪܒ | having come up | προσελθὼν | having come up | ||||||
| — | αὐτῷ | to Him | — | | | accedens | accedens | to Him | — | — | αὐτῷ | to Him | ||||||
| — | λέγει | he says | λεγει | | | — | ad | he says | ܘܐܡܪ | he says | λέγει | he says | ||||||
| — | αὐτῷ· | to him: | αυτω | | | eum | eum | to him: | ܠܗ | to him: | αὐτῷ | to him: | ||||||
| — | ῥαββί | Rabbi | ραββει | | | ait | ait | Rabbi | — | — | Ῥαββί | Rabbi | ||||||
| — | ῥαββί, | Rabbi! | — | | | est | Ave | Rabbi! | ܪܒܝ | Rabbi! | ῥαββί | Rabbi! | ||||||
| — | καὶ | And | και | | | rabbi | Rabbi | And | ܪܒܝ | And | καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | κατεφίλησεν | he kissed | κατεφιλησεν | | | et | et | he kissed | — | — | κατεφίλησεν | he kissed | ||||||
| — | αὐτόν. | Him. | αυτον | | | osculatus | osculatus | Him. | ܘܢܫܩܗ | Him. | αὐτόν | Him. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 1:54 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||