The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܗܦܟ | And | Καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | πάλιν | again | — | | | ueniens | reversus | again | ܐܬܐ | again | ὑποστρέψας | again | ||||||
| — | ἐλθὼν | having come | ελθων | | | a | denuo | having come | ܬܘܒ | having come | εὗρεν | having come | ||||||
| — | εὗρεν | he found | ευρεν | | | inuenit | invenit | he found | ܐܫܟܚ | he found | αὐτοὺς | he found | ||||||
| — | αὐτοὺς | them | αυτους | | | eos | eos | them | ܐܢܘܢ | them | πάλιν | them | ||||||
| — | καθεύδοντας· | sleeping; | καθευδοντας | | | dormientes | dormientes | sleeping; | ܟܕ | sleeping; | καθεύδοντας | sleeping; | ||||||
| — | ἦσαν | Were | ησαν | | | erant | erant | Were | ܕܡܟܝܢ | Were | ἦσαν | Were | ||||||
| — | γὰρ | for | γαρ | | | enim | enim | for | ܓܝܪ | for | γὰρ | for | ||||||
| — | αὐτῶν | of them | — | | | — | — | — | ܕܥܝܢܝܗܘܢ | of them | οἱ | of them | ||||||
| — | οἱ | the | οι | | | somno | — | — | — | — | ὀφθαλμοὶ | the | ||||||
| — | ὀφθαλμοὶ | eyes | οφθαλμοι | | | oculi | oculi | eyes | ܝܩܝܪܢ | eyes | αὐτῶν | eyes | ||||||
| — | καταβαρυνόμενοι, | being wearied, | — | | | eorum | eorum | being wearied, | ܗܘܝ | being wearied, | βεβαρημένοι | being wearied, | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | — | | | grauati | gravati | and | ܘܠܐ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | οὐκ | not | — | | | et | et | not | ܝܕܥܝܢ | not | οὐκ | not | ||||||
| — | ᾔδεισαν | they knew | — | | | ingnorabant | ignorabant | they knew | ܗܘܘ | they knew | ᾔδεισαν | they knew | ||||||
| — | τί | what | — | | | quid | quid | what | ܡܢܐ | what | τί | what | ||||||
| — | ἀποκριθῶσιν | they may answer | — | | | responderent | responderent | they may answer | ܢܐܡܪܘܢ | they may answer | αὐτῷ | they may answer | ||||||
| — | αὐτῷ. | to Him. | αυτων | | | ei | ei | to Him. | ܠܗ | to Him. | ἀποκριθῶσιν | to Him. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 1:54 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||